Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 116

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

बभूव सुमहान्‌ शब्द: सागरस्येव गर्जतः । भरतनन्दन! संग्रामभूमिमें युद्ध करती हुई उस कलिंग-सेनाका महान्‌ कोलाहल समुद्रकी गर्जनाके समान जान पड़ता था,भीमसेनस्ततो राजन्नपयाते महाव्रते । प्रजज्वाल यथा वद्विर्दहन्‌ कक्षमिवेधित: राजन! महान्‌ व्रतधारी भीष्मके रणभूमिसे हट जानेपर भीमसेन घास-फूसके ढेरमें लगी हुई आगके समान अपने तेजसे प्रज्वलित हो रहे थे

sañjaya uvāca |

babhūva sumahān śabdaḥ sāgarasyeva garjataḥ |

bharatanandana saṅgrāmabhūmau yuddhaṃ kurvatyāḥ kaliṅga-senāyā mahān kolāhalaḥ sāgaragarjanāsamaḥ pratibhāti |

bhīmasenas tato rājan apayāte mahāvrate |

prajajvāla yathā vahnir dahan kakṣam ivedhitaḥ ||

ಸಾಗರದ ಗರ್ಜನೆಯಂತೆ ಅತಿಮಹಾ ಶಬ್ದವು ಎದ್ದಿತು. ಭರತನಂದನನೇ! ರಣಭೂಮಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೋರಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ಕಲಿಂಗಸೇನೆಯ ಆ ಭಾರೀ ಕೋಲಾಹಲ ಸಾಗರನಾದದಂತೆ ತೋಚಿತು. ನಂತರ, ರಾಜನೇ! ಮಹಾವ್ರತಧಾರಿ ಭೀಷ್ಮನು ಕಣದಿಂದ ಹಿಂದೆ ಸರಿದಾಗ ಭೀಮಸೇನನು ಒಣ ಪೊದೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊತ್ತಿಕೊಂಡ ಅಗ್ನಿಯಂತೆ ದಹಿಸುತ್ತ ಜ್ವಲಿಸಿದನು.

बभूवbecame/arose
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
सुमहान्very great
सुमहान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शब्दःsound, roar
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सागरस्यof the ocean
सागरस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसागर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
गर्जतःof (one) roaring
गर्जतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्जत् (कृदन्त; √गर्ज्)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
भीमसेनःBhimasena
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
अपयातेhaving withdrawn/went away
अपयाते:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-या (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), 3, singular, आत्मनेपद
महाव्रतेwhen/with the great-vowed (one)
महाव्रते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
प्रजज्वालblazed forth
प्रजज्वाल:
TypeVerb
Rootज्वल् (धातु) + प्र
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वह्निःfire
वह्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दहन्burning
दहन्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदह् (धातु) → दहन् (शतृ)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कक्षम्a thicket/brushwood (dry grass-heap)
कक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
ईधितःkindled, inflamed
ईधितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootईधित (कृदन्त; √इध्/ईध्)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address Bharatanandana/rājan)
K
Kaliṅga army
B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhīmasena
O
ocean/sea
B
battlefield
F
fire
D
dry brushwood/thicket (kakṣa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how vows and duty shape conduct in war: Bhīṣma is marked by steadfast restraint (a ‘great vow’), while Bhīma’s righteous fury intensifies when the battlefield’s balance shifts. Ethically, it contrasts disciplined commitment with the surge of martial energy that can arise when a formidable elder withdraws.

Sañjaya describes the deafening tumult of the Kalinga troops in combat, likening it to the ocean’s roar. Then he notes that after Bhīṣma—renowned for his great vow—pulls back from the fighting, Bhīma’s prowess flares up like a fire spreading through dry brushwood.