Shloka 11

Sāttvika-vṛtta-kathana (Brahmā on the Conduct of Sattva) — Chapter 38

Devanagari script

हित्वा सर्वाणि पापानि नि:शोका हाथ मानवा: । दिवं प्राप्प तु ते धीरा: कुर्वते वै ततस्तनू:

Transliteration

hitvā sarvāṇi pāpāni niḥśokāḥ mānavāḥ | divaṁ prāpya tu te dhīrāḥ kurvate vai tato tanūḥ ||

Translation

ವಾಯು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ಎಲ್ಲ ಪಾಪಗಳನ್ನು ತ್ಯಜಿಸಿ ಮಾನವರು ಶೋಕವಿಲ್ಲದವರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಸ್ವರ್ಗವನ್ನು ಪಡೆದ ನಂತರ ಆ ಧೀರರು ಅಲ್ಲಿ ಭೋಗಗಳನ್ನು ಅನುಭವಿಸಲು ಮತ್ತೆ ದೇಹಗಳನ್ನು ಧರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.

Word by Word

• हित्वा: having abandoned
• Type: Verb
• Root: हा (त्यागे)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• सर्वाणि: all
• सर्वाणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• पापानि: sins/evils
• पापानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• निःशोकाः: free from sorrow
• निःशोकाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निःशोक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मानवाः: men/humans
• मानवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• दिवम्: heaven
• दिवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (स्वर्ग)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्राप्य: having attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (प्राप्तौ)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• तु: indeed/but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• धीराः: steadfast/wise
• धीराः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीर
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कुर्वते: they make/assume
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (करणे)
• Form: लट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन, कर्तरि

• वै: indeed/verily
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• ततः: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• तनूः: bodies
• तनूः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनू
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva (Wind-god)
• mānavāḥ (human beings)
• divam/svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ethically, the verse links moral purification (abandoning pāpa) with inner freedom from grief (niḥśokatā) and with a favorable post-mortem destiny: attainment of heaven and the capacity to take on suitable forms there to enjoy the fruits of merit.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyudeva is speaking about the fate of humans after renouncing sinful conduct: they become sorrowless, reach the heavenly realm, and then assume bodies/forms appropriate to that realm for experiencing its enjoyments.