Shloka 13

Devanagari script

यथैव सूर्याद्द्विगुणश्चन्द्रो नैव स्फुटीभवेत् / आनन्दतारतम्यं च यथोक्तं तु मया तव

Transliteration

yathaiva sūryāddviguṇaścandro naiva sphuṭībhavet / ānandatāratamyaṃ ca yathoktaṃ tu mayā tava

Translation

ಸೂರ್ಯನಿಗಿಂತ ದ್ವಿಗುಣವೆಂದು ಹೇಳಿದರೂ ಚಂದ್ರನು ನಿಜವಾಗಿ (ಅದರ ಮುಂದೆ) ಸ್ಪಷ್ಟವಾಗಿ ಪ್ರಕಾಶಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ; ಹಾಗೆಯೇ ಆನಂದದ ತಾರತಮ್ಯವನ್ನು ನಾನು ನಿನಗೆ ಹಿಂದೆ ಹೇಳಿದಂತೆಯೇ ಇದೆ।

Word by Word

• yathā: just as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमान-निर्देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; comparative ‘as’

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; avadhāraṇa (emphasis)

• sūryāt: from the sun
• sūryāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th), Singular

• dviguṇaḥ: twofold
• dviguṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvi + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘dvi-guṇa’; Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; agrees with candraḥ

• candraḥ: the moon
• candraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; niṣedha

• eva: at all
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; avadhāraṇa (‘at all/indeed’)

• sphuṭībhavet: would become manifest/clear
• sphuṭībhavet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sphuṭībhū (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (optative), 3rd person, Singular; parasmaipada

• ānanda-tāratamyam: gradation of bliss
• ānanda-tāratamyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ānanda + tāratamya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘ānanda-tāratamya’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya (conjunction ‘and’)

• yathā-uktam: as stated
• yathā-uktam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + ukta (कृदन्त, √vac)
• Form: Avyayībhāva (अव्ययीभाव) ‘yathā-uktam’ = ‘as said’; indeclinable adverbial compound

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; virodha/avadhāraṇa (‘but/indeed’)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्ता-निर्देश/agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• tava: to you/for you (of you)
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान-सूचक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ānanda-tāratamya (gradation of bliss) and the limits of comparative description; true manifestation is not achieved by mere quantitative claim.

Vedantic Theme: Tāratamya-viveka and aparokṣa-jñāna vs. indirect comparison; the inadequacy of language/measure for Brahmanic bliss.

Application: Use analogies as pointers, not proofs; cultivate discernment about degrees of happiness (sense/mental/devotional/realization) and seek direct experience through sādhana.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Brahma-khanda/Adhyatma portions): discussions on gradations of sukha/ananda and subtlety of tattvas (contextual)

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Chandra

FAQs

What is the importance of ānanda-tāratamya (gradation of bliss) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse reinforces that bliss is not uniform; it is experienced in graded levels, and the text treats these levels as a structured hierarchy that Vishnu has already laid out for Garuda.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

By pointing to graded bliss, it implies that post-death states and results vary according to one’s karmic and spiritual condition, aligning the soul’s journey with measurable differences in experience.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat spiritual progress as incremental: cultivate dharma, self-control, and devotion consistently, rather than assuming small changes produce instant, fully “manifest” results.