Mantra 15

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये चित् पूर्व ऋतसाता ऋतजाता ऋतावृधः । ऋषीन् तपस्वतो यम तपोजां अपि गच्छतात्

IAST Transliteration

yé cít pū́rva ṛtásātā ṛtájātā ṛtā́vṛdhaḥ | ṛṣī́n tápasvato yama tapojā́m ápi gacchatāt ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Even those of old, won by Order, born of Order, increased by Order—to the seers, the austere, O Yama, to the tapas-born, unto them also may he go.

Translation

ಮತ್ತು ಪೂರ್ವಕಾಲದವರು—ಋತದಿಂದ ಜಯಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟವರು, ಋತದಿಂದ ಜನಿಸಿದವರು, ಋತದಿಂದ ವೃದ್ಧಿಯಾದವರು—ಹೇ ಯಮ, ತಪಸ್ವಿ ಋಷಿಗಳ ಬಳಿಗೂ, ತಪೋಜ (ತಪಸ್ಸಿನಿಂದ ಜನಿಸಿದವರ) ಬಳಿಗೂ ಅವನು ತಲುಪಲಿ.

Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even, indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात/अव्यय) अथवा ‘चिद्’

• पूर्वे: former, ancient
• पूर्वे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतसाता: having attained ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
• ऋतसाता: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत-सात (समास-प्रातिपदिक; सात = ‘प्राप्त/लभ्य’ भावः)

• ऋतजाता: born of ṛta
• ऋतजाता: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत-जाता (समास-प्रातिपदिक; जात = ‘उत्पन्न’)

• ऋतावृधः: increased by ṛta / fostering ṛta
• ऋतावृधः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋता-वृध (समास-प्रातिपदिक; वृध = ‘वर्धमान/वर्धक’)

• ऋषीन्: the seers
• ऋषीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)

• तपस्वतः: austere, practicing tapas
• तपस्वतः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) < तपस्

• यम्: whom (Yama)
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तपोजाम्: born of tapas / produced by austerity
• तपोजाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: तपोजा (समास-प्रातिपदिक = तपस् + जा ‘जन्म/उत्पत्ति’)

• अपि: also, moreover
• अपि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)

• गच्छतात्: may (he) go / let (him) go
• गच्छतात्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Funerary anukramaṇī tradition for AV 18 (variable); verse is Yama-addressed within Pitṛ corpus.

Devata: Yama; also Ṛṣi-Pitṛs as the destination community.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From venerating the ancients to a confident petition to Yama for inclusion.","listener_experience":"Calm dignity; grief becomes reverent aspiration.","intensity":4}