Mantra 43
Rishi: Traditional attribution: Vedic seers of the Viṣṇu-sūkta lineage (RV 1.154 complex); in Śukla-Yajur usage transmitted through Yājñavalkya’s school
Devata: Viṣṇu
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (RV 1.154.1 base)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्रीणि॑ प॒दा वि च॑क्रमे॒ विष्णु॑र्गो॒पा अदा॑भ्यः । अतो॒ धर्मा॑णि धा॒रय॑न्
Transliteration
trī́ṇi padā́ ví cakrame víṣṇur gopā́ adā́bhyaḥ | áto dhármāṇi dhāráyan
Translation
Vishnu, the unassailable guardian, strode forth and measured out the three steps; from that act he upholdeth the ordinances (whereby the worlds and the sacrifice are sustained).
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
त्रीणि । पदा । वि । चक्रमे । विष्णुः । गोपाः । अदाभ्यः । अतः । धर्माणि । धारयन्
Word by Word
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
कर्म (गन्तव्य/परिमाण-निर्देशः)
TypeNoun (Numeral adjective)
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) → त्रि/त्रय
पदानिsteps/footprints
पदानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, widely, in different directions
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चक्रमेstrode/stepped
चक्रमे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootक्रम् (धातु) + उपसर्गः वि-
विष्णुःViṣṇu
विष्णुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
गोपाःprotector/guardian
गोपाः:
कर्तृ (विष्णोः विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (प्रातिपदिक; गो + पा ‘रक्षक’)
अदाभ्यःunassailable, not to be deceived/overpowered
अदाभ्यः:
कर्तृ (विष्णोः विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-दाभ्य (प्रातिपदिक; दभ् ‘हिंस/द्रोह’ इत्यस्य निषेधः)
अतःtherefrom/therefore
अतः:
अपादान (हेतु/प्रभव-निर्देशः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय; तस्मात्/अस्मात्-प्रभवः)
धर्माणिlaws/ordinances, supports
धर्माणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
धारयन्bearing, upholding
धारयन्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (Participle)
Rootधृ (धातु) → धारय (णिजन्त) + शतृ-प्रत्यय
Entities Mentioned
V
ViṣṇuRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes