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Shloka 54

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship

अष्टी नृपेमानि मनुष्यलोके स्वर्गस्थ लोकस्य निदर्शनानि । चत्वार्येषामन्ववेतानि सद्धि- श्वृत्वारि चैषामनुयान्ति सन्‍्तः,राजन! मनुष्यलोकमें ये आठ गुण स्वर्गलोकका दर्शन करानेवाले हैं; इनमेंसे चार तो संतोंके साथ नित्य सम्बद्ध हैं--उनमें सदा विद्यमान रहते हैं और चारका सज्जन पुरुष अनुसरण करते हैं

aṣṭī nṛpemāni manuṣyaloke svargastha lokasya nidarśanāni | catvāry eṣām anvavetāni saddhiḥ śrutvāri caiṣām anuyānti santaḥ, rājan |

វិទុរៈបាននិយាយថា៖ «ព្រះរាជា! ក្នុងលោកមនុស្ស មានគុណធម៌ប្រាំបីយ៉ាង ដែលជាសញ្ញាបង្ហាញទៅកាន់ស្ថានសួគ៌។ ក្នុងនោះ មានបួនយ៉ាងដែលជាប់ជានិច្ចជាមួយសន្តជន—ស្ថិតនៅក្នុងពួកគេជានិរន្តរ៍—ហើយបួនយ៉ាងទៀត គឺជាអ្វីដែលបុរសមានគុណធម៌តាមដាន និងអនុវត្តដោយចេតនា»។

अष्टिeight
अष्टि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टन्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इमानिthese
इमानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
मनुष्यलोकेin the world of men
मनुष्यलोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्यलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वर्गस्थof (one) situated in heaven / heavenly
स्वर्गस्थ:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्गस्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
लोकस्यof the world
लोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
निदर्शनानिindications, exemplars, signs
निदर्शनानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिदर्शन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
चत्वारिfour
चत्वारि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अन्ववेतानिhave followed / are connected (with)
अन्ववेतानि:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√इ (एति)
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सत्by/with the good (people)
सत्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसत् (√अस् शतृ)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
चत्वारिfour
चत्वारि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अनुयान्तिfollow, pursue
अनुयान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√या (याति)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सन्तःgood people, the virtuous
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसन्त् (√अस् शतृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied by context)
S
svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

Vidura teaches that certain virtues in human life function as markers of a higher, heaven-aligned way of living. Some virtues naturally abide in the truly good, while others must be deliberately pursued—together forming a practical map for ethical conduct.

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura counsels the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) with moral instruction as war approaches. Here he introduces a framework of eight virtues connected with the good and with the pursuit of righteousness, preparing the listener for more detailed ethical guidance.