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Shloka 12

Rājapurohita-lakṣaṇa and Purūravas–Vāyu Saṃvāda

Varṇa, Sovereignty, and Abhaya-dāna

पत्यभावे यथैव स्त्री देवरं कुरुते पतिम्‌ । आनन्तर्यात्‌ तथा क्षत्रं पृथिवी कुरुते पतिम्‌ । एष ते प्रथम: कल्प आपद्यन्यो भवेत्‌ तत:

aila uvāca | patyabhāve yathaiva strī devaraṃ kurute patim | ānantaryāt tathā kṣatraṃ pṛthivī kurute patim | eṣa te prathamaḥ kalpa āpady anyo bhavet tataḥ |

អៃលា បាននិយាយថា៖ «ដូចជានារីម្នាក់ នៅពេលប្តីអវត្តមាន ឬស្លាប់ នាងយកប្អូនប្រុសរបស់ប្តី (ទេវរ) ជាប្តីតាមលំដាប់ស្នង; ដូច្នោះដែរ ព្រះធរណី ក៏ជ្រើសរើសក្សត្រីយៈជាព្រះអម្ចាស់ តែបន្ទាប់ពីព្រាហ្មណ៍តាមលំដាប់។ នេះជាច្បាប់ដំបូង ដែលបានបន្តមកតាំងពីបុរាណ ខ្ញុំបានប្រាប់អ្នក; ប៉ុន្តែក្នុងគ្រាអាសន្ន ការរៀបចំផ្សេងទៀតអាចកើតមានបន្តទៅ។»

पत्यभावेin the absence of a husband
पत्यभावे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपति-भाव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्त्रीa woman
स्त्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
देवरम्the husband's younger brother
देवरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुरुतेmakes/appoints
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पतिम्husband
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आनन्तर्यात्due to immediate succession/nextness
आनन्तर्यात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआनन्तर्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
क्षत्रम्the Kshatra (Kshatriya order/power)
क्षत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृथिवीthe earth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कुरुतेmakes/chooses
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पतिम्as husband/lord
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
प्रथमःfirst/primary
प्रथमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कल्पःrule/ordinance
कल्पः:
TypeNoun
Rootकल्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आपदिin calamity/emergency
आपदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अन्यःanother/different
अन्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be/might be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः

ऐल उवाच

A
Aila (speaker)
E
Earth (Pṛthivī)
B
Brahmin (Brāhmaṇa, implied as prior lord)
K
Kshatriya (Kṣatra)
D
Devara (husband’s younger brother)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames political legitimacy as an ordered succession: the Earth accepts Kshatriya rulership after Brahmin precedence, yet it also acknowledges apaddharma—exceptions and altered rules may be permitted in times of crisis.

Aila explains a normative rule using an analogy from marriage custom (a wife taking the devara when the husband is absent/dead) to justify how sovereignty passes in proper sequence, while noting that emergencies can require deviations.