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Shloka 23

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

रक्षया स हि तेषां वै महत्‌ सुखमवाप्नुयात्‌ प्रजापतिर्हि वैश्याय सृष्टवा परिददौ पशून्‌

rakṣayā sa hi teṣāṁ vai mahat sukham avāpnuyāt | prajāpatiḥ hi vaiśyāya sṛṣṭvā paridadau paśūn ||

ភីស្មាបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ «ដោយការការពារពួកវា គាត់ពិតជាទទួលបានសុខដ៏មហិមា។ ព្រោះព្រះប្រជាបតិ បានបង្កើតហ្វូងគោ ហើយប្រគល់វាទៅឲ្យវៃស្យៈ ដាក់ភារកិច្ចថែរក្សា និងការពារពួកវាលើគាត់»។

रक्षयाby protection/guarding
रक्षया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वैindeed/surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अवाप्नुयात्would obtain/should obtain
अवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Root√आप् (आप्नु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रजापतिःPrajāpati
प्रजापतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजापति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वैश्यायto the Vaiśya
वैश्याय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
सृष्ट्वाhaving created
सृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√सृज्
Formक्त्वा (Absolutive/Gerund)
परिददौhanded over/assigned
परिददौ:
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दा/ददाति) with pari-
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पशून्cattle/animals
पशून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Prajāpati
V
Vaiśya
P
paśu (cattle/animals)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that protecting and properly caring for livestock is a dharmic responsibility—especially associated here with the Vaiśya—and that such protection yields great welfare and happiness, framing animal care as a moral and social duty entrusted by the creator.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction during the Śānti Parva, he explains duties within social order: Prajāpati created cattle and assigned their upkeep to the Vaiśya; therefore, one who safeguards them fulfills an entrusted role and gains great benefit.