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Shloka 18

Śuka–Janaka Saṃvāda: Āśrama-krama, Jñāna-vijñāna, and the Marks of Liberation (शुक-जनक संवादः)

अकार्पण्यमसंरम्भ: क्षमा धृतिरहिंसता । समता सत्यमानृण्यं मार्दवं हवीरचापलम्‌

Yājñavalkya uvāca: akāṛpaṇyam asaṃrambhaḥ kṣamā dhṛtir ahiṃsatā | samatā satyam ānṛṇyaṃ mārdavaṃ hrīr acāpalam ||

យាជ្ញវល្ក្យៈ បានមានព្រះវាចា៖ «ការខ្វះភាពកំណាញ់ ការមិនរំខានដោយកំហឹង ការអត់ធ្មត់ ការមាំមួន និងអហിംសា; សមភាព ចិត្តស្មើ សច្ចៈ ការមិនជំពាក់បំណុល ភាពទន់ភ្លន់ ភាពខ្មាស់អៀន និងភាពមិនរង្គើ—ទាំងនេះត្រូវបានប្រកាសថា ជាគុណធម៌កើតពីសត្ត្វៈ»។

अकार्पण्यम्non-miserliness; absence of meanness
अकार्पण्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअकार्पण्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
असंरम्भःabsence of anger/impetuosity
असंरम्भः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसंरम्भ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षमाforbearance; forgiveness
क्षमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धृतिःsteadfastness; firmness
धृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अहिंसताnon-violence
अहिंसता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
समताequanimity; even-mindedness
समता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truthfulness
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आनृण्यम्freedom from debt/obligation
आनृण्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआनृण्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मार्दवम्gentleness; softness
मार्दवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्दव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ह्रीःmodesty; shame (sense of propriety)
ह्रीः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootह्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अचापलम्steadiness; absence of fickleness
अचापलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअचापल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

याज़्वल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya

Educational Q&A

The verse lists sattva-born virtues: inner generosity and courage (akāṛpaṇya), freedom from anger (asaṃrambha), patience (kṣamā), steadfastness (dhṛti), non-violence (ahiṃsā), equanimity (samatā), truthfulness (satyam), freedom from burdensome obligations (ānṛṇya), gentleness (mārdava), modest restraint (hrī), and steady, non-restless conduct (acāpalam). Together they describe a calm, ethical character fit for dharma.

Within the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Yājñavalkya speaks as a teacher enumerating the marks of a sattvic disposition—qualities that stabilize conduct and purify intention, contrasting with agitation and harm.