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Shloka 46

Gārhasthya-Śreṣṭhatā and Kṣatriya-Daṇḍadhāraṇa

Householder Primacy and the Royal Duty of Punishment

एष धर्म: क्षत्रियाणां प्रजानां परिपालनम्‌ । उत्पथो<न्यो महाराज मा सम शोके मन: कृथा:

eṣa dharmaḥ kṣatriyāṇāṃ prajānāṃ paripālanam | utpatho 'nyo mahārāja mā sma śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ ||

វ្យាសៈ បាននិយាយថា៖ «នេះហើយជាធម៌របស់ក្សត្រិយៈ៖ ការការពារ និងគ្រប់គ្រងប្រជាជន។ ផ្លូវផ្សេងទៀតទាំងអស់ គឺជាការប្រែចេញពីផ្លូវត្រឹមត្រូវ ឱ ព្រះមហាក្សត្រដ៏អធិការ។ ដូច្នេះ កុំឲ្យចិត្តអ្នកត្រូវបានបង្កើតជាទុក្ខសោកឡើយ»។

एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty; dharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियाणाम्of the Kshatriyas
क्षत्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रजानाम्of the subjects/people
प्रजानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
परिपालनम्protection; governance (lit. guarding all around)
परिपालनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरि-पालन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्पथःa wrong path; deviation
उत्पथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउत्पथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्यःanother; different
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
समexcessively; wholly
सम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
शोकेin grief
शोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृथाःmake; do
कृथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
Mahārāja (the addressed king)
K
Kṣatriyas
P
Prajā (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A kṣatriya’s primary dharma is to protect and properly govern the people; abandoning this responsibility is ‘utpatha’ (a deviation). Therefore the ruler should not succumb to paralyzing grief but remain steady in duty.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and kingship, Vyāsa addresses a king, reminding him that his rightful role is the safeguarding of subjects and urging him to set aside sorrow that would obstruct righteous rule.