Shloka 18
बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account
On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics
ताभ्यो विश्वानि भूतानि देवा: पितृगणास्तथा । गन्धर्वाप्सरसश्ैव रक्षांसि विविधानि च
tābhyo viśvāni bhūtāni devāḥ pitṛgaṇās tathā | gandharvāpsarasaś caiva rakṣāṃsi vividhāni ca ||
ភីṣ្មៈបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ «ពីកញ្ញាទាំងនោះ បានកើតមានសត្វលោកទាំងអស់ក្នុងសកលលោក—ទាំងទេវតា និងពួកបិត្រឹ (វិញ្ញាណបុព្វបុរស) ដូចគ្នា; ព្រមទាំងគន្ធರ್ವ និងអប្សរា; និងរាក្សសជាច្រើនប្រភេទ»។
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse presents a unified origin for diverse classes of beings, implying a cosmos governed by intelligible order. Ethically, it supports the Shānti Parva’s broader vision that dharma is grounded in understanding the interconnected structure of life and the world.
Bhīṣma is describing a genealogy of creation: from certain ‘maidens’ (previously introduced in the chapter) arise all beings—gods, ancestors, celestial performers, and various Rākṣasas—continuing a larger account of how the world’s categories of life came to be.