Shloka 13

Duryodhana-vadha-pratikriyā: Harṣa, Nindā, and Kṛṣṇa’s Nīti-vyākhyā (Śalya-parva 60)

Devanagari script

उवाच चैन संरब्धं शमयन्निव केशव: । आत्मवद्धिमित्रवृद्धिर्मित्रमित्रोदपस्तथा

Transliteration

uvāca cainaṃ saṃrabdhaṃ śamayann iva keśavaḥ | ātmavaddhi mitravṛddhir mitramitrodapās tathā

Translation

សញ្ជ័យបាននិយាយ៖ កេសវបាននិយាយទៅកាន់ព្រះអង្គដែលកំពុងក្តៅក្រហាយដោយកំហឹង ដូចជាចង់សម្រួលឲ្យស្ងប់។ ព្រះអង្គបានណែនាំឲ្យមើលអ្នកដទៃដូចខ្លួនឯង បង្កើនមិត្តភាព ហើយប្រព្រឹត្តចំពោះមិត្ត និងសត្រូវដោយស្មើភាព មានការអត់ធ្មត់ និងការគ្រប់គ្រងខ្លួន។

Word by Word

उवाचsaid

चand

एनम्him

संरब्धम्enraged, agitated

शमयन्pacifying, calming

इवas if, like

केशवःKeshava (Krishna)

आत्मवत्as oneself; like oneself

हिindeed, for

मित्रवृद्धिःincrease/prosperity of friends

मित्रमित्रोदपःone who gives water to friend and foe alike (impartial benefactor)

तथाthus; likewise

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Keśava’s counsel emphasizes self-restraint and ethical vision: see others ‘as oneself’ (ātmavat), cultivate friendship, and maintain an even-minded attitude that does not let anger or partiality govern one’s conduct—even amid conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Keśava addresses someone who is in a heated, angry state, speaking in a manner meant to pacify him and redirect his mind toward calm judgment, impartiality, and dharmic conduct.