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Shloka 48

निवार्य सेनां महतीं हत्वा शूरांश्व पार्थिवान्‌

nivārya senāṃ mahatīṃ hatvā śūrāṃś ca pārthivān

សញ្ជ័យបាននិយាយ៖ ដោយបានទប់ស្កាត់កងទ័ពដ៏ធំមហិមា ហើយបានសម្លាប់ព្រះមហាក្សត្រវីរបុរសទាំងឡាយ គាត់បានបន្តដំណើរនៃសង្គ្រាមទៅមុខ—ដូចរូបសញ្ញានៃចលនាដ៏សាហាវរបស់យុទ្ធភូមិ ដែលការអត់ធ្មត់តាមយុទ្ធវិធី និងកម្លាំងសម្លាប់ដ៏មិនស្ទាក់ស្ទើរ ឈរជាប់គ្នា បង្កើនភាពតានតឹងរវាងធម៌នៃការប្រយុទ្ធ និងតម្លៃជីវិត។

निवार्यhaving restrained / after checking
निवार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√वृ (वारयति)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोगार्थ (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण)
सेनाम्army
सेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
महतीम्great, huge
महतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving slain / after killing
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोगार्थ (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण)
शूरान्heroes, brave men
शूरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थिवान्kings, rulers
पार्थिवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
senā (army)
P
pārthivāḥ (kings/rulers)
Ś
śūrāḥ (heroic warriors)

Educational Q&A

The line juxtaposes restraint (nivārya) with killing (hatvā), highlighting a central Mahābhārata tension: even when war is undertaken as a duty, ethical weight remains—discipline and strategy do not erase the human cost, and ‘dharma in battle’ is morally complex rather than triumphalist.

Sañjaya reports a battlefield episode in which a warrior (implied from context) first checks a large opposing force and then slays heroic kings—describing both tactical control over the enemy’s advance and the ensuing lethal engagement among rulers and champions.