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Shloka 20

Karṇa’s Camp-Council Discourse: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament, Sañjaya’s Counsel, and Karṇa’s Request for Śalya

Book 8, Chapter 22

मूढं चैनं समालोक्य सारथिस्त्वरितो रथम्‌ | अपोवाह भृशं त्रस्तो वध्यमान: शितै: शरै:,उसे मूर्च्छित देख उसका सारथि तीखे बाणोंकी मार खाकर अत्यन्त भयभीत हो तुरंत ही रथको रणभूमिसे दूर हटा ले गया

mūḍhaṃ cainaṃ samālokya sārathis tvarito ratham | apovāha bhṛśaṃ trasto vadhyamānaḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ ||

សញ្ជ័យបាននិយាយថា៖ «ឃើញគាត់ដេកសន្លប់ដូច្នោះ អ្នកបើករថ—ត្រូវបាញ់ដោយព្រួញមុតៗ ហើយរន្ធត់ខ្លាំង—បានបើករថយ៉ាងរហ័ស ដកចេញពីសមរភូមិ»។

मूढम्fainted/insensible
मूढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमूढ (मुह्-धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एनद्-प्रयोगः)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समालोक्यhaving seen/observed
समालोक्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-लोक्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
सारथिःthe charioteer
सारथिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वरितःhastened/quick
त्वरितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरित (त्वर्-धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपोवाहdrove away/removed
अपोवाह:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-ऊह् (वह्/ऊह्-धातु; here: अप-ऊह्)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भृशम्exceedingly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
त्रस्तःterrified
त्रस्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त (त्रस्-धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वध्यमानःbeing struck/being attacked
वध्यमानः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्यमान (वध्-धातोः शानच्; passive sense)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present participle)
शितैःwith sharp
शितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
sārathi (charioteer)
R
ratha (chariot)
Ś
śara (arrows)
R
raṇabhūmi (battlefield, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the psychological reality of war: fear can overpower duty, and even those assigned supportive roles may choose retreat when survival is threatened. It implicitly contrasts idealized valor with human limits under extreme violence.

Sañjaya reports that, upon seeing a warrior lying senseless, the charioteer—himself wounded by sharp arrows—panics and quickly drives the chariot away from the fighting, withdrawing from immediate danger.