Shloka 12

Adhyāya 65: Dawn Assembly, Makara–Śyena Vyūhas, and Commander Engagements

Devanagari script

अथैनं शरवर्षेण च्छादयामास संयुगे | गिरिं जलागमे यद्धज्जलदा जलवृष्टिभि:

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | athainaṃ śaravarṣeṇa cchādayāmāsa saṃyuge | giriṃ jalāgame yaddhajjaladā jalavṛṣṭibhiḥ ||

Translation

សញ្ជ័យបាននិយាយ៖ បន្ទាប់មក នៅកណ្ដាលសមរភូមិ គាត់បានគ្របដណ្ដប់លើគាត់ដោយភ្លៀងព្រួញ—ដូចពពកនៅរដូវវស្សា បង្ហូរទឹកជ្រាបលើភ្នំ។

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• एनम्: him (that one)
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (एतद्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शर-वर्षेण: with a shower of arrows
• शर-वर्षेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर-वर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• च्छादयामास: covered
• Type: Verb
• Root: छाद्
• Form: Perfect (Periphrastic), Third, Singular

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• गिरिम्: a mountain
• गिरिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जल-आगमे: at the coming of the rains (rainy season)
• जल-आगमे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल-आगम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• यथा: just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• हि: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• जलदाः: clouds
• जलदाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जल-वृष्टिभिः: with showers of water
• जल-वृष्टिभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल-वृष्टि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• arrows (śara)
• clouds (jalada)
• mountain (giri)
• rain/monsoon (jalāgama)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse offers a moral-psychological insight through imagery: in war, violence can become as relentless and impersonal as natural forces. It invites reflection on the ethical weight of battle—how quickly individual agency is submerged under overwhelming martial power.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a warrior in combat covering his opponent with a dense barrage of arrows, likening it to rain-clouds pouring down on a mountain at the onset of the monsoon.