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Shloka 43

Karma-Saṃnyāsa–Karma-Yoga Saṃvāda

Renunciation and the Discipline of Action

इन्द्रियोंको स्थूल शरीरसे पर यानी श्रेष्ठ, बलवान्‌ और सूक्ष्म कहते हैं; इन इन्द्रियोंसे पर मन है, मनसे भी पर बुद्धि है और जो बुद्धिसे भी अत्यन्त पर है वह आत्मा है ।।

indriyāṇi parāṇy āhur indriyebhyaḥ paraṁ manaḥ | manasas tu parā buddhir yo buddheḥ paratas tu saḥ || evaṁ buddheḥ paraṁ buddhvā saṁstabhya ātmānam ātmanā | jahi śatruṁ mahābāho kāmarūpaṁ durāsadam ||

អរជុនបាននិយាយថា៖ «អង្គអារម្មណ៍ត្រូវបានហៅថាលើសរាងកាយដ៏ក្រាស់—ស្រាលស្មុគស្មាញជាង មាំមួនជាង និងមានសមត្ថភាពជាង។ លើសអង្គអារម្មណ៍គឺចិត្ត; លើសចិត្តគឺបញ្ញា; ហើយលើសបញ្ញាទាំងស្រុងគឺអាត្មា។ ដូច្នេះ ដោយដឹងថា អាត្មាលើសបញ្ញា ហើយធ្វើឲ្យចិត្តឈរមាំដោយអំណាចវិន័យនៃខ្លួនខាងក្នុង—ឱ មហាបាហូ! ចូរប្រហារសត្រូវដ៏លំបាកឈ្នះនេះ ដែលមានរូបជាកាមៈ»។

एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
बुद्धेःof the intellect
बुद्धेः:
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
परम्higher, beyond
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood/known
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
संस्तभ्यhaving restrained, having steadied
संस्तभ्य:
TypeVerb
Rootस्तम्भ्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), सम्
आत्मानम्the self (mind/inner self)
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनाby the self (by oneself)
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जहिslay, kill
जहि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शत्रुम्enemy
शत्रुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कामरूपम्having desire as its form; lust-formed
कामरूपम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकामरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दुरासदम्hard to overcome/assail
दुरासदम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरासद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna (Mahābāhu)
Ā
ātman (Self)
I
indriyāṇi (senses)
M
manaḥ (mind)
B
buddhi (intellect)
K
kāma (desire)

Educational Q&A

A hierarchy is taught—body < senses < mind < intellect < Self—and the ethical instruction is to use discernment (buddhi) and inner steadiness (ātman) to restrain the mind and defeat desire (kāma), portrayed as a formidable inner enemy.

On the battlefield setting of Bhīṣma Parva, Arjuna voices a reflective teaching that reframes combat as inner discipline: before confronting external foes, one must conquer the internal adversary—desire—by recognizing the Self as higher than mind and intellect and by exercising self-restraint.