Shloka 3

Devanagari script

परस्परेण द्विगुणा: सर्वे द्वीपा नराधिप । पर्वताश्न महाराज समुद्रै: परिवारिता:,महाराज! इन समुद्रोंसे घिरे हुए सभी द्वीप और पर्वत उत्तरोत्तर दुगुने विस्तारवाले हैं

Transliteration

paraspareṇa dviguṇāḥ sarve dvīpā narādhipa | parvatāś ca mahārāja samudraiḥ parivāritāḥ ||

Translation

សញ្ជ័យបាននិយាយថា៖ «ឱ ម្ចាស់មនុស្ស ឱ មហារាជ! កោះទាំងអស់ និងភ្នំទាំងឡាយ ដែលត្រូវបានសមុទ្រទាំងនេះព័ទ្ធជុំវិញ មានទំហំធំឡើងជាលំដាប់ ដោយរាល់មួយៗទ្វេគុណជាងមុន»។

Word by Word

परस्परेणmutually; successively

द्विगुणाःdouble (in extent)

सर्वेall

द्वीपाःislands

नराधिपO king (lord of men)

पर्वताःmountains

चand

महाराजO great king

समुद्रैःby seas; with oceans

परिवारिताःsurrounded; encircled

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

narādhipa (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)

dvīpāḥ (islands/continents)

parvatāḥ (mountains)

samudrāḥ (seas/oceans)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents the world as an ordered system where each region is proportionate and bounded—each dvīpa and its features are defined in relation to others and enclosed by seas. Implicitly, it places human affairs (including war) within a vast, structured cosmos, encouraging humility and a sense of limits.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is describing cosmographical details to the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), stating that the islands/continents and mountains increase successively in size, and that each is surrounded by oceans.