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Shloka 12

Bhīmasya paruṣa-vākyaṃ

Bhīma’s Harsh Speech Heard by Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī

एष एव परो धर्मों राजर्षीणां युधिष्ठिर । समरे वा भवेन्मृत्युर्वने वा विधिपूर्वकम्‌

eṣa eva paro dharmo rājarṣīṇāṁ yudhiṣṭhira | samare vā bhaven mṛtyur vane vā vidhipūrvakam ||

វៃសម្បាយនៈបានមានពាក្យថា៖ «ឱ យុធិស្ឋិរ! នេះហើយជាធម៌ខ្ពស់បំផុតសម្រាប់រាជឥសីទាំងឡាយ៖ មរណភាពកើតឡើងក្នុងសមរភូមិ ក៏បាន ឬក្នុងព្រៃ តាមពិធីវិធីដែលបានកំណត់ក៏បាន។ ក្នុងទាំងពីរ ការបញ្ចប់ដោយសេចក្តីសុចរិត—ជួបប្រទះដោយវិន័យ និងភាពស្មោះត្រង់ចំពោះកាតព្វកិច្ច—ត្រូវបានគេចាត់ទុកថា ជាអធិកធម៌»។

एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
परःhighest/supreme
परः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty/righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजर्षीणाम्of royal sages
राजर्षीणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजर्षि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
भवेत्may be/should occur
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
विधिपूर्वकम्according to rule/ritually
विधिपूर्वकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविधिपूर्वक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
R
rājarṣi (royal sages)

Educational Q&A

For a rājarṣi, the supreme dharma is to meet death in a manner consistent with duty—either as a kṣatriya facing battle, or as a renunciant in the forest following prescribed discipline and rites. The emphasis is on integrity of conduct rather than the location of death.

Vaiśampāyana addresses Yudhiṣṭhira while discussing the standards of conduct for kings who turn toward ascetic ideals. He frames two legitimate, dharma-grounded ends for such rulers: heroic death in war or a rule-bound death in forest retirement.