Shloka 45

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

सद्यः शौचं भवेद्वीर तच्चाप्युक्तं चतुर्विधम् गर्भस्रावे तदेवोक्तं पूर्णकालेन चेतरे

Transliteration

sadyaḥ śaucaṃ bhavedvīra taccāpyuktaṃ caturvidham garbhasrāve tadevoktaṃ pūrṇakālena cetare

Translation

勇士よ、即時の清浄（sadyaḥ-śauca）が定められている。しかもそれは四種であると説かれた。流産（garbha-srāva）の場合も同じ規定が述べられ、その他の場合は定められた満期の期間に従って清浄とする。

Word by Word

• sadyaḥ: immediately
• sadyaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadyaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• śaucam: purification/ritual cleanliness
• śaucam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śauca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; subject of bhavet

• bhavet: should be
• bhavet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); ‘should be/should occur’

• vīra: O hero
• vīra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; address

• tat: that (purification)
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; demonstrative pronoun referring to śauca

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (सम्भावना/अपि = ‘also/indeed’)

• uktam: is stated
• uktam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु, √vac)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त, PPP), Neuter, Nominative, Singular; used predicatively ‘is said’

• catur-vidham: fourfold
• catur-vidham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catur (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष sense ‘of four kinds’; agrees with tat/śauca

• garbha-srāve: in the case of miscarriage
• garbha-srāve: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: garbha (प्रातिपदिक) + srāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ‘in miscarriage/abortion’

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; ‘that’ (same rule)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक अव्यय)

• uktam: is stated
• uktam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु, √vac)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त, PPP), Neuter, Nominative, Singular; ‘is said’

• pūrṇa-kālena: by (the completion of) full term
• pūrṇa-kālena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by/at full term (time)’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• itare: in the other case(s)
• itare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: itara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (or plural depending on context); here ‘in the other case(s)’; elliptical adhikaraṇa

Speakers

• Unspecified in input (commonly framed as Pulastya → Nārada in the Vāmana Purāṇa’s dialogue layer)

Key Themes

• Vrata/Rituals
• Dharmaśāstra-style purity rules
• Śauca-Aśauca

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The passage frames purity rules as a disciplined, time-bound restoration of ritual order after bodily/household disruption (especially pregnancy loss), emphasizing regulated conduct rather than stigma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is ancillary dharma-vidhi material (ācāra/śauca) rather than the core pañcalakṣaṇa topics (sarga, pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, vaṃśānucarita). It belongs to the Purāṇic ‘dharma-kathana/vidhi’ layer.

What is the symbolic significance?

‘Immediate’ vs ‘full-period’ purification symbolizes the gradation of ritual consequence: some disruptions are resolved quickly, while others require a complete cycle of restraint to re-establish social-ritual equilibrium.