HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 16Shloka 12
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Vamana Purana — Caturmasya Observances, Shloka 12

The Cāturmāsya Observances and the Sleeping–Awakening Cycle of the Gods (Hari–Hara Worship)

स्नातकास्त्वापगास्वेव स्नानजप्यपरायणाः आकण्ठमग्नास्तिष्ठन्ति रात्रौ ज्ञात्वाथ वासरम्

snātakāstvāpagāsveva snānajapyaparāyaṇāḥ ākaṇṭhamagnāstiṣṭhanti rātrau jñātvātha vāsaram

しかしスナータカたちは、沐浴とマントラの誦持(ジャパ)に専心し、夜には川に立って首まで浸かり、やがて昼の到来を知るまでそのまま留まる。

स्नातकाःbathers / those who have bathed
स्नातकाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्नातक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
तुbut / indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक (but/indeed)
आपगासुin the rivers
आपगासु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootआपगा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन (Plural)
एवonly / indeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारण (emphasis/only)
स्नानजप्यपरायणाःdevoted to bathing and recitation
स्नानजप्यपरायणाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्नान (प्रातिपदिक) + जप्य (प्रातिपदिक) + परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (स्नाने जप्ये च परायणाः / devoted to bathing and recitation)
आकण्ठम्up to the neck
आकण्ठम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (up to the neck), अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः
मग्नाःimmersed / sunk
मग्नाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमग्न (कृदन्त; √मज्ज् धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; √मज्ज् (to sink)
तिष्ठन्तिthey stand / remain
तिष्ठन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√ज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), √ज्ञा (to know)
अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अनुक्रम/आरम्भ (then/thereupon)
वासरम्the day (daytime)
वासरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवासर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
Not specified in the provided excerpt (often Pulastya ↔ Nārada frameworkbut not asserted here)
Vrata/RitualsSnāna (holy bathing)Mantra-japaAusterity (tapas) through immersion/vigil

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Steadfastness (dhṛti) and purity (śauca) are cultivated through regulated practice—bathing, mantra-japa, and night vigil. The emphasis is not mere hardship, but disciplined devotion that carries one safely from darkness (night) to clarity (day).

This is ancillary dharma/ācāra content typical of tīrtha-māhātmya sections. It does not map tightly to the five lakṣaṇas, but supports Purāṇic purpose by prescribing conduct and merit-producing observances.

Standing neck-deep through the night symbolizes immersion in sādhana while ‘waiting for day’ signifies awaiting inner illumination. Rivers function as liminal purifiers—crossing from impurity to purity, from ignorance to knowledge.