Shloka 10

Arjuna–Gaṇa Saṃvāda: Bāṇādhikāra, Tāpasa-veṣa, and the Ethics of Tapas (अर्जुन-गणसंवादः)

Devanagari script

तपस्वी च कथं मिथ्या भाषते कुरुते नरः । नैकाकिनं च मां त्वं च जानीहि वाहिनीपतिम्

Transliteration

tapasvī ca kathaṃ mithyā bhāṣate kurute naraḥ | naikākinaṃ ca māṃ tvaṃ ca jānīhi vāhinīpatim

Translation

苦行者がどうして偽りを語り、偽りを行えようか。知れ――我も独りではなく、汝も独りではない。われを天の軍勢の主「ヴァーヒニーパティ」と悟れ。

Word by Word

• तपस्वी: an ascetic
• तपस्वी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; agent-noun from तपस्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Prashna (प्रश्न/ manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक अव्यय (interrogative adverb)

• मिथ्या: falsely
• मिथ्या: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मिथ्या (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb)

• भाषते: speaks
• भाषते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भाष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• कुरुते: does
• कुरुते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• एकाकिनम्: alone; solitary
• एकाकिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकाकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• जानीहि: know; recognize
• जानीहि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन

• वाहिनीपतिम्: the lord of the army
• वाहिनीपतिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाहिनी + पति (प्रातिपदिक); समास
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वाहिन्याः पतिः)

Speaker

Lord Shiva (as an authoritative divine speaker within the Shatarudrasaṃhitā narrative)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Shakti Dimension

Role: teaching

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse upholds satya (truth) as a hallmark of genuine tapas and indicates that the Lord (Pati) is never absent—spiritual life is sustained by Shiva’s overseeing presence, not by isolated ego-effort.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By asserting Shiva as the governing Lord of all forces, the verse supports Saguna devotion—worship of Shiva (including the Linga) as the accessible divine protector who guides the devotee’s conduct toward truth and liberation.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice truthfulness as a vrata, and support it with daily japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) to align speech, mind, and action with Shiva’s presence.