Shiva Purana — Kotirudra Samhita, Shloka 66

दशशैवव्रतप्रश्नः — Inquiry into the Ten Principal Śaiva Vratas

Devanagari script

धूपैश्च विविधैस्तत्र दीपैर्नानाविधैरपि । नैवेद्यापूपकैर्विष्णो शाकैर्नानाविधैरपि

Transliteration

dhūpaiśca vividhaistatra dīpairnānāvidhairapi | naivedyāpūpakairviṣṇo śākairnānāvidhairapi

Translation

そこでは、さまざまな香（薫香）と多種の灯明、さらに供物（ナイヴェーディヤ）としてアプーパカの菓子や種々の煮炊きした野菜を捧げて—おおヴィシュヌよ—礼拝が執り行われた。

Word by Word

• धूपैः: with incense
• धूपैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; instrumental

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• विविधैः: various
• विविधैः: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; adjective agreeing with धूपैः

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• दीपैः: with lamps
• दीपैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; instrumental

• नानाविधैः: of many kinds
• नानाविधैः: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय ‘नाना विधाः’

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ-अव्यय (also/even)

• नैवेद्यापूपकैः: with offerings and cakes
• नैवेद्यापूपकैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नैवेद्य + आपूपक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (offerings and cakes)

• विष्णो: O Viṣṇu
• विष्णो: सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; vocative

• शाकैः: with vegetables/greens
• शाकैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; instrumental

• नानाविधैः: of many kinds
• नानाविधैः: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; adjective agreeing with शाकैः

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ-अव्यय (also/even)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Models standard upacāra-pūjā (incense, lamp, naivedya) as a means for the bound soul (paśu) to approach Pati through disciplined devotion, preparing eligibility for grace (anugraha).

Ritual Elements

Offering: naivedya

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It highlights the completeness of devotional worship through traditional upacāras—incense, lamps, and food offerings—showing that reverence is expressed through purity, generosity, and attentive service (sevā) to the Divine.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Dhūpa, dīpa, and naivedya are standard offerings in saguna worship of Shiva—especially in Jyotirlinga contexts—where the devotee honors the manifest form with sensory offerings while inwardly cultivating surrender to Shiva as Pati (the Lord).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Perform dhūpa-dīpa-naivedya as part of Shiva-pūjā (especially on Mahāśivarātri), offering with mantra-japa (such as the Pañcākṣarī, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and a steady, reverent mind.