Shloka 7

वालि–मायावी–बिलप्रवेशः

Vali’s Pursuit of Mayavi and the Cave Episode

Devanagari script

स तु वै निस्सृतः क्रोधात्तं हन्तुमसुरोत्तमम्।वार्यमाणस्तत स्त्रीभिर्मया च प्रणतात्मना4.9.7।।

Transliteration

sa tu vai nissṛtaḥ krodhāt taṃ hantum asurottamam | vāryamāṇas tata strībhiḥ mayā ca praṇatātmanā || 4.9.7 ||

Translation

怒りに燃えて彼は、あの最上のアスラを討たんと外へ出た。女たちと、へりくだる心の私とが、なおも制し止めようとしたが。

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निपात)

• nissṛtaḥ: having come out
• nissṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nissṛta (कृदन्त; √sṛ (धातु) with nis-)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate of saḥ

• krodhāt: from anger
• krodhāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular; cause (हेतु)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• hantum: to kill
• hantum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्), purpose (प्रयोजन)

• asurottamam: the foremost demon
• asurottamam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asura + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound (समास) तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-सम्भव): 'asurāṇām uttamaḥ' / 'uttamaḥ asuraḥ'; Masculine, Accusative, Singular; apposition to tam

• vāryamāṇaḥ: being restrained
• vāryamāṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √vṛ (धातु) (vārayati)
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच् in passive sense), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; 'being restrained'

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Ablatival adverb (ततः), sequence/source

• strībhiḥ: by the women
• strībhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• praṇatātmanā: by (me) of humble disposition
• praṇatātmanā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: praṇata + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound बहुव्रीहि: 'praṇataḥ ātmā yasya saḥ' (one whose self is submissive); Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; agrees with mayā (speaker)

Context

'Dundubhi's eldest son Mayabi was a mighty demon. He developed bitter enmity with Vali for the sake of a woman.

Characters & Entities

• Vālī
• Sugrīva
• Māyāvī (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes self-control and heeding restraint; anger-driven action can ignore wise counsel and lead to harm.

What is the narrative situation?

Vālī rushes out in fury to kill Māyāvī, despite attempts by Sugrīva and the women to stop him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s deference and concern are emphasized; the verse also contrasts this with Vālī’s anger.