Shloka 18
ऋक्षबिलप्रवेशः
Entry into the Rikshabilam Cave
Devanagari script
निशाम्य तस्मात् शिंहांश्च तांस्तांश्च मृगपक्ष्णिः।।।।प्रविष्टा हरिशार्दूला बिलं तिमिरसंवृतम्।
Transliteration
niśāmya tasmāt siṃhāṃś ca tāṃs tāṃś ca mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ |
praviṣṭā hariśārdūlā bilaṃ timirasaṃvṛtam ||
Translation
内より獅子の咆哮と、さまざまな獣や鳥の叫びを聞き、虎のごとき猿たちは闇に覆われた洞窟へと踏み入った。
Word by Word
niśāmyahaving noticed
niśāmya:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootni-śam (शम्/शमुँ धातु ‘to notice, perceive’)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having perceived/observed’
tasmātfrom that (place)
tasmāt:
Apadana (अपादान/source)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक; पञ्चमी (अपादान) एकवचन
siṃhānlions
siṃhān:
Karma (कर्म/object of niśāmya)
TypeNoun
Rootsiṃha (सिंह प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
tānthose
tān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन
tānthose (various)
tān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन; पुनरुक्ति (distributive: ‘various’)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
mṛga-pakṣiṇaḥbeasts and birds
mṛga-pakṣiṇaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛga (मृग) + pakṣin (पक्षिन्)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (‘beasts and birds’); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन (object of niśāmya)
praviṣṭāḥentered
praviṣṭāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-viś (विश् धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle used finitely); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘having entered/entered’ (with implied ‘āsan’)
hari-śārdūlāḥmonkey-tigers (mighty monkeys)
hari-śārdūlāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roothari (हरि) + śārdūla (शार्दूल)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘tigers among monkeys’); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन
bilamcave
bilam:
Karma (कर्म/object of entering)
TypeNoun
Rootbila (बिल प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन
timira-saṃvṛtamenveloped in darkness
timira-saṃvṛtam:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottimira (तिमिर) + saṃvṛta (संवृत कृदन्त, √vṛ ‘to cover’)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘covered with darkness’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (agreeing with bilam)
Context
On hearing him, the monkeys entered the cave full of darkness. There was no light of the Moon or the Sun. It was a horripilating experience.
Characters & Entities
M
Monkeys (hariśārdūlāḥ)C
Cave (bila)L
Lions (siṃha)B
Beasts (mṛga)B
Birds (pakṣi)FAQs
Dharma includes brave perseverance under threat: they do not retreat merely due to frightening sounds when the mission requires investigation.
Inside the cave are ominous animal sounds; despite this, the leading monkeys proceed into the darkness.
Fear-managed courage—advancing while fully aware of danger.