Shloka 19

Devanagari script

तस्य काननषण्डेषु निर्घरेषु गुहासु च।रावणस्सह वैदेह्या मार्गितव्यस्ततस्ततः।।।।

Transliteration

tasya kānana-ṣaṇḍeṣu nirghareṣu guhāsu ca |

rāvaṇaḥ saha vaidēhyā mārgitavyas tatas tataḥ ||4.43.19||

Translation

そこでは、森の茂みの中、滝のほとり、そして洞窟の内を、あちらこちらと探し、ヴァイデーヒーと共にいるラーヴァナを求めよ。

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that/its
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-सम्भव (contextual)

• कानन-षण्डेषु: in the forest-thickets
• कानन-षण्डेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कानन (प्रातिपदिक) + षण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष-समास (काननस्य षण्डाः)

• निर्घरेषु: in waterfalls/mountain-streams
• निर्घरेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्झर/निर्घर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• गुहासु: in caves
• गुहासु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुहा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• रावणः: Ravana
• रावणः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-अव्यय (postposition; governs Instrumental/तृतीया)

• वैदेह्या: with Vaidehi (Sita)
• वैदेह्या: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/सह), एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• मार्गितव्यः: is to be searched for
• मार्गितव्यः: Vidhi/Anuyoga (विधि; obligation)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मार्ग् (धातु)
• Form: कृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/तव्यत्), कर्मणि-भाव (passive obligation), प्रथमा एकवचन पुंलिङ्ग (agreeing with रावणः)

• ततः: from there/thereupon
• ततः: Desha/Avadhi (देश/अवधि)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb; ablatival sense)

• ततः: here and there
• ततः: Desha (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: पुनरुक्त-अव्यय (reduplicated adverb: ‘here and there’)

Context

'Righteous king Sugriva said to the foremost among the monkeys, Satavali what would help his cause as well as the cause of Rama:

Characters & Entities

• Ravana
• Vaidehi (Sita)
• Waterfalls
• Caves
• Forests

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is unwavering responsibility: the searchers must examine all plausible hiding places, not settling for partial effort.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva instructs the party to search specific micro-terrain features—groves, waterfalls, caves—on the named mountain region.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Thoroughness and determination, ensuring the mission is carried out with integrity and completeness.