Shloka 16

पश्चिमदिशि अन्वेषणादेशः

Instructions for the Western Search Party

Devanagari script

तस्य प्रस्थेषु रम्येषु सिंहाः पक्षगमाः स्थिताः।तिमिमत्स्यगजांश्चैव नीडान्यारोपयन्ति ते।।4.42.16।।

Transliteration

tasya prastheṣu ramyeṣu siṃhāḥ pakṣagamāḥ sthitāḥ |

timimatsyagajāṃś caiva nīḍāny āropayanti te ||4.42.16||

Translation

その麗しき斜面には、パクシャガマーと呼ばれる獅子が住む。翼ある獅子のごとく、海より鯨や魚、さらには象までも運び、巣穴へと引き上げる。

Word by Word

• तस्य: of it/its
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रस्थेषु: on the plateaus/slopes
• प्रस्थेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• रम्येषु: beautiful
• रम्येषु: विशेषण (Qualifier of प्रस्थेषु)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; प्रस्थेषु इति विशेषण

• सिंहाः: lions
• सिंहाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• पक्षगमाः: moving by wings/winged
• पक्षगमाः: विशेषण (Qualifier of सिंहाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पक्ष + गम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः पक्षेण गमाः (तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः)

• स्थिताः: are stationed
• स्थिताः: क्रिया (Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'are stationed/are settled' (finite sense)

• तिमिमत्स्यगजान्: whales, fishes, and elephants
• तिमिमत्स्यगजान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिमि + मत्स्य + गज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (whales, fishes, and elephants)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: निपात (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• नीडानि: nests/dens
• नीडानि: कर्म (Karma/Object; destination)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नीड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• आरोपयन्ति: they place/bring up
• आरोपयन्ति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + रूप्/रोप् (धातु √रुह् causative/णिच्: आरोपयति)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative): 'make ascend/place'

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; of आरोपयन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

Context

'The proud elephants wandering on the mountain slopes, and on the vast tract filled with water would be happy trumpeting like thundering clouds. They roam in the caves of lions.

Characters & Entities

• Sea (sāgara)
• Fish (matsya)
• Elephants (gaja)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is vigilance: the world contains dangers and marvels; those on a righteous mission must be alert, courageous, and prepared for extraordinary obstacles.

What is the narrative situation?

While describing the terrain, Sugrīva warns (and informs) the searchers about formidable creatures inhabiting the mountain slopes.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sāhasa (courage) guided by knowledge: awareness of hazards supports steadfast pursuit of the mission.