Shloka 47

किष्किन्धाप्रवेशः—लक्ष्मणस्य कोपः, तारासान्त्वम्, सुग्रीवदर्शनम्

Lakshmana Enters Kishkindha: Anger, Tara’s Mediation, and Sugriva Encountered

Devanagari script

धर्मलोपो महांस्तावत्कृते ह्यप्रतिकुर्वतः।अर्थलोपश्च मित्रस्य नाशे गुणवतो महान्।।।।

Transliteration

dharmalopo mahāṃs tāvat kṛte hy apratikurvataḥ | arthalopaś ca mitrasya nāśe guṇavato mahān ||

Translation

受けた助けに報いないなら、ダルマは大きく失われる。さらに、徳ある友が滅びれば、アルタもまた甚だしく損なわれる。

Word by Word

• धर्मलोपः: loss of dharma
• धर्मलोपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + लोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: dharmasya lopaḥ (loss of dharma)

• महान्: great
• महान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifying धर्मलोपः

• तावत्: to that extent/indeed
• तावत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (limit/emphasis)

• कृते: when (a favor) is done
• कृते: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: √कृ (धातु) (कृदन्त: कृत)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Saptamī, Ekavacana; locative absolute sense: 'when a favor is done'

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (emphasis/causal)

• अप्रतिकुर्वतः: of one who does not reciprocate
• अप्रतिकुर्वतः: Sambandha/Ṣaṣṭhī (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (नञ्) + प्रति-√कृ (धातु) (कृदन्त: शतृ/वर्तमान)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present participle), Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; 'of one who does not repay/return (a favor)'

• अर्थलोपः: loss of wealth
• अर्थलोपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + लोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: arthasya lopaḥ (loss of wealth)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• मित्रस्य: of a friend
• मित्रस्य: Sambandha/Ṣaṣṭhī (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग (often), Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• नाशे: in the loss/destruction
• नाशे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

• गुणवतः: of the virtuous
• गुणवतः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुणवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; qualifying मित्रस्य

• महान्: great
• महान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifying अर्थलोपः

Context

'Dharma is violated when we help not one who has helped. Loss of a virtuous friend leads to great loss of wealth. It results in destruction.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• mitra (friend)
• dharma
• artha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kṛtajñatā (gratitude) is dharma: not returning help is a serious moral failure that also brings practical loss (artha).

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa reminds Sugrīva that Rāma helped him regain his kingdom; failing to assist Rāma now is both adharma and self-destructive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The virtue of gratitude and loyalty to allies—protecting a virtuous friend is both righteous and prudent.