Shloka 77

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

यदर्थमयमारम्भः कृतः परपुरञ्जयः।समयं नाभिजानाति कृतार्थः प्लवगेश्वरः।।

Transliteration

yadartham ayam ārambhaḥ kṛtaḥ parapurañjayaḥ |

samayaṃ nābhijānāti kṛtārthaḥ plavageśvaraḥ ||

Translation

敵の城塞を討ち破る者よ。猿たちの王は己が目的を果たしたゆえに、この働きを起こした理由である約定を、もはや顧みない。

Word by Word

• yadartham: for what purpose
• yadartham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva: 'for which purpose' (interrogative/relative adverbial)

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular), Sarvanāma (pronoun)

• ārambhaḥ: undertaking/effort
• ārambhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārambha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)

• kṛtaḥ: made/done
• kṛtaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ धातु)
• Form: Kta-pratyaya (past passive participle), Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)

• parapurañjayaḥ: conqueror of enemy cities
• parapurañjayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para + pura + jaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)

• samayam: agreement/promise
• samayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā-vibhakti (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha/Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Pratiṣedha-nipāta (negative particle)

• abhijānāti: recognizes/understands
• abhijānāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi√jñā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular), Parasmaipada

• kṛtārthaḥ: one who has achieved his aim
• kṛtārthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛtārtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)

• plavageśvaraḥ: lord of monkeys
• plavageśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaga + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā-vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)

Context

'O conqueror of the enemy capital! the monkey lord who has achieved his goal does not realise the importance of my mission.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Sugriva
• plavageśvara (monkey-lord)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Agreements made for a righteous cause must be honored even after one party benefits; forgetting the samaya is adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakshmana points out that Sugriva, having regained kingship, is neglecting the pact to help Rama search for Sita.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Accountability to promises and constancy after success.