Shloka 63

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

तस्मात्कालप्रतीक्षोऽहं स्थितोऽस्मि शुभलक्षण।सुग्रीवस्य नदीनां च प्रसादममनुपालयन्।।

Transliteration

tasmāt kāla-pratīkṣo ’haṁ sthito ’smi śubha-lakṣaṇa | sugrīvasya nadīnāṁ ca prasādam anupālayan ||

Translation

ゆえに、吉兆を備えたラクシュマナよ、私は好機を待ってここに留まり、スグリーヴァの恩寵を、そして川々の恵みをも求めよう。

Word by Word

• tasmāt: therefore
• tasmāt: Hetu (हेतु) (reason/ground)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tasmāt (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्) (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), ablatival adverb 'therefore/from that' (तस्मात्-प्रयोगः)

• kāla-pratīkṣaḥ: waiting for the right time
• kāla-pratīkṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate adjective of 'aham')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक) + pratīkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; adjective to aham (speaker): 'one who waits for time'

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता) (subject of asmi)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक) (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

• sthitaḥ: standing/remaining
• sthitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate state of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sthā (धातु) + kta (क्त) / sthita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta (कृदन्त), past participle (क्त) from √sthā (स्था); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate with asmi

• asmi: am
• asmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु) (√as/अस् 'to be')
• Form: Tinganta (तिङन्त), Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Uttama-puruṣa (1st/उत्तमपुरुष), Ekavacana, Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• śubha-lakṣaṇa: O auspicious-marked one
• śubha-lakṣaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन) (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound used as vocative; Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana

• sugrīvasya: of Sugriva
• sugrīvasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (genitive relation to prasādam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana

• nadīnām: of the rivers
• nadīnām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (genitive relation to prasādam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nadī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)

• prasādam: favor/grace
• prasādam: Karma (कर्म) (object of amanupālayan)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prasāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana

• amanupālayan: not neglecting; attending to
• amanupālayan: Karta (कर्ता) (participle qualifying 'aham')
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-pāl (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ) with negation a- (अ-)
• Form: Kṛdanta (कृदन्त), present active participle (शतृ) from √pāl (पाल्) with prefix anu-; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; with privative a-: 'not waiting/ not attending' (contextually: 'while waiting/attending' is also read as anupālayan; here text has amanupālayan = 'not neglecting')

Context

'O Lakshmana of auspicious qualities! I will wait for the proper time to appease Sugriva as well as the rivers.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Sugriva
• rivers

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Right action depends on right time (kāla). Dharma is not mere urgency; it also requires restraint and readiness to wait for conditions to become favorable.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama decides to wait through the season and circumstances, aiming to secure Sugriva’s cooperation while acknowledging the natural constraints symbolized by the rivers.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Forbearance (kṣamā) and strategic patience: Rama aligns his effort with seasonality and political goodwill.