Shloka 11

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

एषा वै नियतिश्शेष्ठा यां गतो हरियूथपः।तदलं परितापेन प्राप्तकालमुपास्यताम्4.25.11।।

Transliteration

eṣā vai niyatiḥ śreṣṭhā yāṃ gato hari-yūthapaḥ |

tad alaṃ paritāpena prāpta-kālam upāsyatām || 4.25.11 ||

Translation

これこそ、ヴァーナラの群れの長が到った最も尊い定めの道である。ゆえに嘆きはここまでにし、今は時の要請に従ってなすべきことをなせ。

Word by Word

• एषा: this (she/this destiny)
• एषा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अवधान/निश्चयार्थक (indeed, certainly)

• नियतिः: destiny, inevitability
• नियतिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नियति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• श्रेष्ठा: best, supreme
• श्रेष्ठा: Visheshana (विशेषण/attribute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• याम्: which (destiny)
• याम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• गतः: gone
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया/finite sense)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle, क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग (used predicatively: has gone)

• हरियूथपः: chief of the monkey-troop
• हरियूथपः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) + यूथप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (harīṇāṃ yūthapaḥ = leader of monkeys)

• तत्: therefore
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: निपातवत् प्रयोग (therefore/so; adverbial use of pronoun)

• अलम्: enough; no need
• अलम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अलम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध/पर्याप्त्यर्थ (enough, no need)

• परितापेन: with grief, by lamentation
• परितापेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिताप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• प्राप्तकालम्: the time that has come; the proper time
• प्राप्तकालम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राप्त (गम्/प्राप् धातु + क्त) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-रूपेण (here नपुंसकलिङ्ग), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (prāptaḥ kālaḥ = the time that has come)

• उपास्यताम्: let (it) be attended to / let us wait upon
• उपास्यताम्: Kriya (क्रिया/command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; विधिलिङ्गार्थे आज्ञा/अनुज्ञा (let it be attended to)

Context

'The state attained by the chief of monkeys is an excellent one.Therefore there is no need to regret. Attend to your duties (relating to rites)'

Characters & Entities

• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes timely action: after unavoidable loss, one must restrain sorrow and perform the duties demanded by the moment (especially rites owed to the dead).

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma urges the mourners to move from lamentation to the necessary funeral responsibilities for Vāli.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical wisdom and self-mastery (śama): channeling emotion into rightful action.