Shloka 23

ताराविलापः

Tara’s Lament over Vāli

Devanagari script

किमङ्गदं साङ्गदवीरबाहो विहाय यास्यद्य चिरप्रवासम्।न युक्तमेवं गुणसन्निकृष्टंविहाय पुत्रं प्रियपुत्र गन्तुम्4.20.23।।

Transliteration

kim aṅgadaṃ sāṅgadavīrabāho vihāya yāsy adya cirapravāsam |

na yuktam evaṃ guṇasannikṛṣṭaṃ vihāya putraṃ priyaputra gantum ||

Translation

腕輪を戴く勇者よ、強き腕の英雄よ、なぜ今日アンガダを捨てて長き旅路へと去るのか。徳において汝に近き愛しき子を置き去りにして行くは、まことに相応しくない。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• निपतिताम्: fallen down
• निपतिताम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-पत् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of ताराम्

• ताराम्: Tara
• ताराम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तारा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च्युताम्: fallen, slipped down
• च्युताम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: च्यु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of ताराम्

• ताराम्: a star
• ताराम्: उपमान (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तारा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; upamāna with iva

• इव: like
• इव: सम्बन्ध/उपमा (Comparison marker/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक अव्यय (comparative particle)

• अम्बरात्: from the sky
• अम्बरात्: अपादान (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अम्बर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• शनैः: gently, slowly
• शनैः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शनैः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• आश्वासयामास: consoled
• आश्वासयामास: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-श्वस् (धातु) + णिच् (causative) + लिट्
• Form: णिजन्त (causative) धातु; लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हरियूथपः: leader of the monkey troop
• हरियूथपः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता) (apposition to हनुमान्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरियूथप (प्रातिपदिक: हरि + यूथप)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (हरीणां यूथपः)

Context

'O hero, adorned with armlets, why have you departed on a long journey, deserting your dear son Angada who possesses similar virtues like you? It is not proper.

Characters & Entities

• Vāli
• Aṅgada

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Parental dharma: a father’s duty to protect and guide his child; death is portrayed as a ‘departure’ that painfully interrupts this obligation.

What is the narrative situation?

The other wives lament, questioning how Vāli can ‘leave’ on the long journey of death while Aṅgada remains.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Aṅgada’s inherited excellence is stressed—he is ‘near’ Vāli in qualities, making the loss feel even more unjust.