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Shloka 28

वालिवधः

The Slaying of Vali

वृक्षैः स्सशाखै स्सशिखैर्वज्रकोटिनिभैर्नखैः4.16.28।।मुष्टिभिर्जानुभिः पद्भिर्बाहुभिश्च पुनः पुनः।तयोर्युद्धमभूद्घोरं वृत्रवासवयोरिव4.16.29।।

vṛkṣaiḥ saśākhaiḥ saśikhair vajrakoṭinibhair nakhaiḥ || 4.16.28 ||

muṣṭibhir jānubhiḥ padbhir bāhubhiś ca punaḥ punaḥ |

tayor yuddham abhūd ghoraṃ vṛtravāsavayor iva || 4.16.29 ||

彼らは幾度も打ち合った。枝も梢も備えた樹を振るい、金剛の尖りのごとく堅い爪を立て、さらに拳・膝・足・腕で繰り返し撃ち合った。その戦いは、ヴリトラとヴァーサヴァ(インドラ)の闘いのように恐るべきものとなった。

vṛkṣaiḥwith trees
vṛkṣaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
sa-śākhaiḥwith branches
sa-śākhaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय ‘with’) + śākhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘śākhābhiḥ saha’; Feminine-stem used adjectivally; Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
sa-śikhaiḥwith tops/crests
sa-śikhaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय ‘with’) + śikha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘śikhābhiḥ/śikhaiḥ saha’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
vajra-koṭi-nibhaiḥlike thunderbolt-tips (i.e., very hard/sharp)
vajra-koṭi-nibhaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootvajra (प्रातिपदिक) + koṭi (प्रातिपदिक) + nibha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘vajrasya koṭiḥ iva nibha’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
nakhaiḥwith nails/claws
nakhaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootnakha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
muṣṭibhiḥwith fists
muṣṭibhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootmuṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
jānubhiḥwith knees
jānubhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootjānu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
padbhiḥwith feet
padbhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
bāhubhiḥwith arms
bāhubhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootbāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
punaḥagain (repeatedly)
punaḥ:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), repetition for emphasis
tayoḥof the two (of them)
tayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम); Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन)
yuddhambattle
yuddham:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
abhūtbecame/was
abhūt:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू)
FormAorist (लुङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
ghoramterrible
ghoram:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with yuddham
vṛtra-vāsavayoḥof Vṛtra and Indra
vṛtra-vāsavayoḥ:
Upamana-sambandha (उपमान-सम्बन्ध/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtra (प्रातिपदिक) + vāsava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (द्वन्द्व) ‘Vṛtra and Vāsava’; Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Upama (उपमा/Comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormComparative particle (उपमावाचक अव्यय)

Both like Vritra and Indra fought, hitting each other again and again with trees full of branches and tops, with their hard nails akin to thunderbolts and with their fists, knees, feet, etc.

S
Sugrīva
V
Vālin
T
trees
V
vajra (thunderbolt)
V
Vṛtra
V
Vāsava (Indra)

FAQs

The verse frames the duel within the epic’s moral universe: violence is shown as grave and consequential, and therefore must be governed by rightful purpose and restraint—otherwise it becomes ‘ghora’ (terrifying) and destructive.

The fight escalates into close-quarters brutality; both use natural weapons (trees) and bodily strikes repeatedly.

Indomitable fighting spirit; also the epic’s emphasis that such power must be directed by dharma.