Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 41

द्वादशः सर्गः — Rama’s Proof of Power, the First Duel, and the Identification Mark

Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 12

स तया शुशुभे श्रीमान् लतया कण्ठसक्तया।मालयेव बलाकानां ससन्ध्य इव तोयदः4.12.41।।

sa tayā śuśubhe śrīmān latayā kaṇṭhasaktayā |

mālayeva balākānāṃ sasandhya iva toyadaḥ ||

その蔓が首に掛けられると、幸運なるスグリーヴァはひときわ輝いた――夕暮れの雨雲が、白鶴の列を花鬘のようにまとっているかのごとく。

सःhe (Sugrīva)
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन
तयाby that
तया:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; विशेषण (लतया)
शुशुभेshone/appeared splendid
शुशुभे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√शुभ् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
श्रीमान्splendid, fortunate
श्रीमान्:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (सः)
लतयाwith the creeper (as garland)
लतया:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootलता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन
कण्ठसक्तयाattached to the neck
कण्ठसक्तया:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकण्ठ+सक्त (प्रातिपदिक; √सञ्ज्/√सक् कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (कण्ठे सक्ता) विशेषण (लतया)
मालयāby/like a garland
मालयā:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootमाला (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमान-प्रयोगे
इवlike
इव:
Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-सूचक (particle of comparison)
बलाकानाम्of cranes
बलाकानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootबलाका (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन
ससन्ध्यःwith twilight (at its edge)
ससन्ध्यः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस+सन्ध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समासः (सन्ध्या यस्य सः = having twilight) विशेषण (तोयदः)
इवlike
इव:
Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-सूचक
तोयदःa rain-cloud
तोयदः:
Upameya (उपमेय)
TypeNoun
Rootतोयद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (उपमेय/कर्ता), एकवचन

With the creeper round the neck, Sugriva looked like the rain-cloud at twilight, adorned by a row of cranes like a garland.

S
Sugriva
R
rain-cloud (toyada)
C
cranes (balākā)
T
twilight (sandhyā)

FAQs

The verse supports dharma indirectly by emphasizing auspicious preparation and clarity before action—order and right arrangement before a righteous conflict.

After being marked with the gajapuṣpī, Sugrīva is described in a vivid simile highlighting his distinct appearance for the impending duel.

Sugrīva’s renewed confidence and readiness—he is outwardly and inwardly prepared to pursue justice against Vāli.