Shloka 23

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

Devanagari script

तं शीघ्रमभिगच्छ त्वं यदि युद्धमिहेच्छसि।स हि दुर्धर्षणो नित्यं शूरस्समरकर्मणि4.11.23।।

Transliteration

taṃ śīghram abhigaccha tvaṃ yadi yuddham ihēcchasi |

sa hi durdharṣaṇo nityaṃ śūraḥ samara-karmaṇi || 4.11.23 ||

Translation

いま真に戦を望むなら、速やかに彼のもとへ赴け。彼は常に攻め難く、戦の業における勇者である。

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• śīghram: quickly
• śīghram: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śīghra (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: quickly)

• abhigaccha: approach
• abhigaccha: Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-gam (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; अर्थः—'go to/approach'

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: एकवचन, प्रथमा

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (शर्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, शर्तार्थक (if)

• yuddham: battle
• yuddham: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• iha: here; now
• iha: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देश/कालवाचक (here/now)

• icchasi: you want
• icchasi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट्, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; अर्थः—'you desire'

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (निश्चय/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निश्चय/हेतु निपात (indeed/for)

• durdharṣaṇaḥ: hard to overcome
• durdharṣaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur-dharṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: 'दुर्धर्षः' (hard to assail)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: अव्यय, नित्यत्ववाचक क्रियाविशेषण (always)

• śūraḥ: heroic
• śūraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• samara-karmaṇi: in warfare
• samara-karmaṇi: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: 'समरे कर्म' (in warfare); अधिकरण

Context

'If you wish to fight, go to him quickly.He is ever heroic and difficult to combat.

Characters & Entities

• Vali

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes clarity of intention and accountability: if one chooses conflict, one must face it directly and with full awareness of consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

A pointed warning is given: Vali is not a casual adversary, and any confrontation must be undertaken deliberately.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfast heroism—Vali is described as consistently brave and formidable in warfare.