Shloka 22

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

अयं वसन्तस्सौमित्रे नानाविहगनादितः।सीतया विप्रहीनस्य शोकसन्दीपनो मम।।।।

Transliteration

ayaṃ vasantas saumitrē nānāvihaganāditaḥ | sītayā viprahīnasya śōkasandīpano mama ||

Translation

サウミトリよ、この春は、さまざまな鳥の声に満ちて響くが、シーターと離れた我が身には、ただ悲しみをいよいよ燃え立たせるのみだ。

Word by Word

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• वसन्तः: spring
• वसन्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• सौमित्रे: O Saumitri (Lakshmana)
• सौमित्रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः (Vocative), एकवचनम्

• नाना-विहग-नादितः: filled with sounds of many birds
• नाना-विहग-नादितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय) + विहग (प्रातिपदिक) + नादित (क्त-कृदन्त, नद्/नाद्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः: नानाविहगैः नादितः (resounded by various birds); विशेषणम् (qualifies वसन्तः)

• सीतया: from/with Sita
• सीतया: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; हेतु/सह-भावे (instrumental: because of/with respect to)

• विप्रहीनस्य: of one separated
• विप्रहीनस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि+प्र+हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifies मम understood as 'of me who am separated')

• शोक-सन्दीपनः: kindler of sorrow
• शोक-सन्दीपनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + सन्दीपन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: शोकस्य सन्दीपनः; विशेषणम् (predicative of वसन्तः)

• मम: for me / of me
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

Context

'O Saumitri! this spring season resonating with the sounds of several kinds of birds, kindles my anguish as I am separated from Sita.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Saumitri (Lakshmana)
• Sita
• vasanta (spring)
• vihaga (birds)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truthfulness) toward one’s inner state is central: Rama openly acknowledges grief without masking it. Such honesty supports dharma by preventing self-deception and guiding right action.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama tells Lakshmana that spring’s joyous birdcalls intensify his pain because Sita is absent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity of feeling and speech: Rama’s words match his experience, showing emotional truth alongside steadfast purpose.