Shloka 59

The Glory of Bhārata-varṣa: Enumerating Mountains, Rivers, and Regions

Devanagari script

अनिदायाः शिवाटाश्च तपनाः सूतपास्तथा । ऋषिकाश्च विदर्भाश्च स्तंगना परतंगकाः

Transliteration

anidāyāḥ śivāṭāśca tapanāḥ sūtapāstathā | ṛṣikāśca vidarbhāśca staṃganā parataṃgakāḥ

Translation

またアニダーヤ族、シヴァータ族、タパナ族、スータパ族；同様にリシカー族、ヴィダルバ族、スタンガナー族、パラタンガカ族（もいる）。

Word by Word

• anidāyāḥ: Anidāyās (a people/tribe name)
• anidāyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anidāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• śivāṭāḥ: Śivāṭas (a people/tribe name)
• śivāṭāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śivāṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — connective
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात) — conjunction “and”

• tapanāḥ: Tapanas (a people/tribe name)
• tapanāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• sūtapāḥ: Sūtapās (a people/tribe name)
• sūtapāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūtapā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — adverbial modifier
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, prakāra-vācaka (प्रकारवाचक) — adverb “thus/likewise”

• ṛṣikāḥ: Ṛṣikās (a people/tribe name)
• ṛṣikāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — connective
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात) — conjunction “and”

• vidarbhāḥ: Vidarbhas (people of Vidarbha)
• vidarbhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidarbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — connective
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात) — conjunction “and”

• staṃganāḥ: Staṃganās (a people/tribe name)
• staṃganāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: staṃganā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

• parataṃgakāḥ: Parataṃgakas (a people/tribe name)
• parataṃgakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (enumerated group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parataṃgaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा) Bahuvacana (बहुवचन) — Nominative plural

Speaker

Unspecified (verse appears within a geographic/ethnographic catalogue; confirm from surrounding verses).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: earthly

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: śivāṭāḥ + ca → śivāṭāśca; ṛṣikāḥ + ca → ṛṣikāśca; vidarbhāḥ + ca → vidarbhāśca; (no further sandhi resolution required).

Characters & Entities

• Vidarbha

FAQs

Is this verse describing places, tribes, or lineages?

Primarily tribes/peoples (ethnonyms) in a catalogue-style listing; “Vidarbha” is a well-known regional ethnonym, while several others are rare names that likely function as group-identifiers in the text’s geographic/ethnographic enumeration.

Why do Puranas include long catalogues of peoples like this?

Such lists preserve traditional knowledge of regions and communities, map sacred and cultural geographies, and situate narratives within a pan-Indic worldview by naming known and semi-legendary groups.

What is the ethical or spiritual lesson in this particular verse?

This verse itself is descriptive rather than explicitly moral; its value is contextual—supporting a broader Purāṇic presentation of the world and its peoples, often used to frame dharma, pilgrimage networks, or cosmological order elsewhere in the chapter.