Shloka 62
Determination of the Householder’s Dharma
Dāna: Types, Recipients, Timing, and Fruits
सपूर्वाभ्यधिकः पापी नरके पच्यते नरः । स्वाध्यायवंतो ये विप्रा विद्यावंतो जितेंद्रियाः
sapūrvābhyadhikaḥ pāpī narake pacyate naraḥ | svādhyāyavaṃto ye viprā vidyāvaṃto jiteṃdriyāḥ
以前にも増して罪を重ねる者は、地獄にて煮えたぎる苦を受ける。だが、ヴェーダの自習に励み、真の智を具え、諸根を制したバラモンたちは—別格である。
Unknown (context not provided; likely within a Purāṇic dialogue in Svarga-khaṇḍa, Adhyaya 57)
Concept: Increasing sin leads to severe karmic retribution; Vedic study, true knowledge, and sense-control mark a higher spiritual order.
Application: Track moral drift: avoid ‘worse than before’ habits; cultivate daily svādhyāya, restraint (especially speech and consumption), and association with the disciplined.
Primary Rasa: bhayanaka
Secondary Rasa: karuna
Type: celestial_realm
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A stark split-scene: on one side, a shadowy infernal cauldron where a figure symbolizing escalating pāpa is ‘cooked’ amid smoke and iron implements; on the other, luminous brāhmaṇas sit with palm-leaf texts, calm eyes and restrained posture, embodying svādhyāya and jitendriyatā. The contrast reads as a moral diptych—terror of consequence and serenity of discipline.","primary_figures":["a sinful man (symbolic)","Yama’s attendants (yamadūtas)","svādhyāyī brāhmaṇas","a serene teacher (ācārya)"],"setting":"infernal naraka landscape juxtaposed with a quiet hermitage study hall","lighting_mood":"dramatic chiaroscuro","color_palette":["charcoal black","smoke gray","ember orange","ash white","saffron yellow"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a two-panel composition—left panel shows naraka with stylized flames, iron cauldron, yamadūtas, and a terrified sinner; right panel shows radiant brāhmaṇas with gold-leaf halos holding palm-leaf manuscripts, seated on kusa mats; heavy gold embellishment on the virtuous side, deep reds and blacks on the infernal side, ornate borders emphasizing moral contrast.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: refined diptych with delicate brushwork—left a dark rocky ravine with smoky reds and subdued figures; right a cool, tranquil āśrama with cypress-like trees, a small water pot, and brāhmaṇas reading; subtle facial expressions, lyrical naturalism, balanced composition.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines; left side dominated by reds and blacks with stylized flames and yamadūtas; right side in warm yellows/greens with brāhmaṇas, sacred thread details, and manuscript bundles; temple-wall symmetry and decorative bands.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: moral allegory framed by lotus borders—dark lower register with swirling smoke motifs, upper register with saffron-clad brāhmaṇas and peacocks near a manuscript pavilion; deep blues and gold accents, intricate floral patterns, narrative clarity through symmetry."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["low drum","distant thunder","conch shell","sudden silence"]}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: स + पूर्व + अभ्यधिकः → सपूर्वाभ्यधिकः (समास/सन्धि-समुच्चय); जित + इन्द्रियाः → जितेन्द्रियाः.
FAQs
It contrasts the karmic consequence of increasing sin (leading to torment in hell) with the ideal qualities of a disciplined brāhmaṇa—Vedic study (svādhyāya), true knowledge (vidyā), and sense-control (jitendriya).
Literally “is cooked in hell,” it is a conventional Purāṇic expression for intense suffering as a result of harmful actions (pāpa) and their karmic fruition.
The verse presents a complete ethical-spiritual profile: svādhyāya grounds one in sacred learning, vidyā implies internalized wisdom (not mere scholarship), and jitendriyatā indicates character and restraint—together marking a higher standard of dharma.