Shloka 59

The Arkāṅga Saptamī (Bhāskara Saptamī) Vow: Origin of Sūrya, Pacification of Rays, and Māgha Saptamī Observance

Devanagari script

तृतीया माघमासस्य सिता मन्वंतरा स्मृता । तस्यां यद्दीयते दानं सर्वमक्षयमुच्यते

Transliteration

tṛtīyā māghamāsasya sitā manvaṃtarā smṛtā | tasyāṃ yaddīyate dānaṃ sarvamakṣayamucyate

Translation

摩伽月（マーガ）の白分の第三日（トリーティヤー）は「マンヴァンタラー」として記憶される。その日に施される布施は、すべて尽きることのないものとなると説かれる。

Word by Word

• tṛtīyā: the third (lunar day)
• tṛtīyā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tṛtīyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• māgha-māsasya: of the month of Māgha
• māgha-māsasya: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māgha (प्रातिपदिक) + māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• sitā: bright (fortnight)
• sitā: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; विशेषण (tṛtīyā)

• manvaṃtarā: (called) Manvantara
• manvaṃtarā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manvantara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; नाम (as designation)

• smṛtā: is remembered/called
• smṛtā: Kriya (Predicative/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: smṛ (धा॒तु) + ta (कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle)

• tasyām: on that (day)
• tasyām: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locative ‘on that [day]’)

• yat: whatever
• yat: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; सम्बन्धे (relative)

• dīyate: is given
• dīyate: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धा॒तु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

• dānam: gift, charity
• dānam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• sarvam: all, entirely
• sarvam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; विशेषण (dānam/phalitam)

• akṣayam: imperishable
• akṣayam: Phala (Result/फल)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• ucyate: is said/called
• ucyate: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धा॒tu)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative voice within the Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मन्वंतरा = manvantara (अनुस्वार-लेखन); यद्दीयते = yat + dīyate; सर्वमक्षयम् = sarvam + akṣayam; अक्षयमुच्यते = akṣayam + ucyate.

FAQs

What observance is highlighted in this verse?

It highlights the sacred importance of Māgha month’s bright-fortnight third tithi (Śukla Tṛtīyā), identified here as “Manvantarā,” as a specially meritorious time.

What is the main teaching about dāna (charity) in this verse?

The verse teaches that charity offered on this particular tithi yields “akṣaya” (imperishable, inexhaustible) spiritual merit.

What ethical lesson does the verse communicate?

It encourages timely generosity—giving with awareness of sacred occasions—by presenting charity as a lasting good that outlives the moment of giving.