Shloka 50

The Horse’s Journey

to Cyavana’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

हनूमांस्तं मुनिं स्वीये पृष्ठ आरोप्य वेगवान् । सकुटुंबं निनायाशु वायुः ख इव सर्वगः

Transliteration

hanūmāṃstaṃ muniṃ svīye pṛṣṭha āropya vegavān | sakuṭuṃbaṃ nināyāśu vāyuḥ kha iva sarvagaḥ

Translation

俊足のハヌマーンはその聖仙を自らの背に乗せ、家族もろともたちまち運び去った。天空を渡る風のごとく、あまねく至る者として。

Word by Word

• hanūmān: Hanumān
• hanūmān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanūmat (हनूमत् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• munim: the sage
• munim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (मुनि प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• svīye: on his own
• svīye: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svīya (स्वीय प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with pṛṣṭhe understood

• pṛṣṭhe: on (his) back
• pṛṣṭhe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛṣṭha (पृष्ठ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• āropya: having placed (him)
• āropya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + ruh (रुह् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), from आ + √रुह्; ‘having placed/caused to mount’

• vegavān: swift
• vegavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vegavat (वेगवत् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sa-kuṭumbam: with (his) family
• sa-kuṭumbam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह/स) + kuṭumba (कुटुम्ब प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva compound (अव्ययीभाव: सह + कुटुम्ब), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) used adverbially/qualifying object, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• nināya: carried/led
• nināya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nī (नी धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• āśu: quickly
• āśu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: āśu (आशु अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• vāyuḥ: wind
• vāyuḥ: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyu (वायु प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kha: sky/space
• kha: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kha (ख प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); here in comparison ‘like the sky/space’

• iva: like
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (इव अव्यय)
• Form: Comparative particle (उपमा-निपात)

• sarvagaḥ: all-pervading / going everywhere
• sarvagaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarvaga (सर्वग प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Narrator (contextual; not explicitly marked in the verse)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: hanūmāṃstaṃ = hanūmān + tam; pṛṣṭha āropya = pṛṣṭhe (loc.) + āropya (gerund), with e elided in some recensions; nināyāśu = nināya + āśu; kha iva = khaḥ? (often neuter kha used as kha) + iva

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Muni (sage)

FAQs

What image of Hanumān is emphasized in this verse?

Hanumān is portrayed as extraordinarily swift and capable, carrying the sage and his family effortlessly—likened to the wind moving through the sky.

What does the comparison to the wind (vāyuḥ) convey?

It conveys unrestricted mobility and speed: Hanumān’s movement is as free and pervasive as wind in open space (kha).

What ethical or devotional lesson can be drawn from this action?

The verse highlights active service and protection of the righteous—using one’s strength and abilities to assist sages and uphold dharma.