Shloka 25

The Greatness of Hari’s Janmāṣṭamī (Jayantī) Vow

Devanagari script

तस्माद्गच्छ स्वयं देव कंसं हंतुं दुरासदम् । देवकीजठरे जन्म लब्ध्वा गत्वा च गोकुलम्

Transliteration

tasmādgaccha svayaṃ deva kaṃsaṃ haṃtuṃ durāsadam | devakījaṭhare janma labdhvā gatvā ca gokulam

Translation

ゆえに、主よ、みずから赴き、討ち難きカンサを滅ぼしたまえ。デーヴァキーの胎に生を受け、さらにゴークラへと行きたまえ。

Word by Word

• tasmāt: therefore
• tasmāt: Hetu/Reason (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (तस्मात्—हेतौ/तस्मादर्थे), indeclinable-like usage meaning ‘therefore’

• gaccha: go
• gaccha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम्-धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्, imperative), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• svayam: yourself
• svayam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (स्वार्थक अव्यय)

• deva: O god
• deva: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)

• kaṃsam: Kaṃsa
• kaṃsam: Karma (कर्म) of haṃtum
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• haṃtum: to kill
• haṃtum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: han (हन्-धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्/तुमर्थ), expressing purpose

• durāsadam: hard to assail
• durāsadam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of kaṃsam
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durāsada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with kaṃsam

• devakī-jaṭhare: in Devakī’s womb
• devakī-jaṭhare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devakī (प्रातिपदिक) + jaṭhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (देवक्याः जठरम्)

• janma: birth
• janma: Karma (कर्म) of labdhvā
• Type: Noun
• Root: janman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• labdhvā: having obtained
• labdhvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: labh (लभ्-धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (क्त्वान्त अव्यय)

• gatvā: having gone
• gatvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: gam (गम्-धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (क्त्वान्त अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable conjunction (समुच्चय)

• gokulam: Gokula
• gokulam: Karma/Goal (कर्म/गति-लक्ष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gokula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); destination accusative

Speaker

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context suggests a divine advisor addressing Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tasmādgaccha → tasmāt gaccha (final -t + g). devakījaṭhare → devakī-jaṭhare (genitive tatpurusha).

Characters & Entities

• Kaṃsa
• Devakī
• Gokula

FAQs

What event does this verse point to in Kṛṣṇa’s life?

It alludes to Viṣṇu taking birth as Kṛṣṇa in Devakī’s womb and the move/connection to Gokula, culminating in the destruction of Kaṃsa.

Why is Kaṃsa described as “durāsada” (hard to overcome)?

The term emphasizes Kaṃsa’s formidable, oppressive power—implying that only the Lord’s direct intervention can end his tyranny.

What ethical or spiritual lesson is implied by the instruction to incarnate?

It underscores the Purāṇic theme that divine incarnation occurs to protect dharma and remove entrenched injustice when ordinary means are insufficient.