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Shloka 53

द्रोण-पार्थ-युद्धम्

Droṇa–Pārtha Strategic Engagement

अर्जुनके शंखनाद, रथके पहियोंकी घर्घराहट, गाण्डीव धनुषकी टंकार तथा ध्वजमें निवास करनेवाले मानवेतर भूतोंके भयंकर कोलाहलसे पृथ्वी काँप उठी तथा गौएँ ऊपरको पूँछ उठाकर हिलाती और रँभाती हुई सब ओरसे लौट पड़ीं और दक्षिण दिशाकी ओर भाग चलीं ।। इति श्रीमहाभारते विराटपर्वणि गोहरणपर्वणि उत्तरगोग्रहे गोनिवर्तने त्रिपड्चाशत्तमो5ध्याय:

vaiśampāyana uvāca | arjunasya śaṅkhanādena rathacakrāṇāṃ ghargharāśabdena gāṇḍīvadhanustaṅkāreṇa dhvajanivāsibhir amānuṣabhūtaiḥ kṛtena bhīṣaṇakolāhalena ca pṛthivī cacāla | gāvaś ca pucchāni ūrdhvaṃ kṛtvā kampayantyaḥ rambhamāṇāḥ sarvataḥ nivavṛtuḥ dakṣiṇāṃ diśaṃ ca prādravan ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。アルジュナの法螺貝の一吹き、戦車の車輪がきしり轟く音、ガーンディーヴァ弓の弦の鳴り、さらに旗幟に宿る非人のものどもが立てる凄まじい喧噪によって、大地そのものが震えたかのようであった。牛の群れは尾を高く掲げて振り乱し、恐れに鳴きながら四方から引き返し、南の方角へと逃げ去った。この場面は、正義(ダルマ)に立つ戦士の力が突如として断乎と現れるとき、不正な略奪を覆し、奪われたもの—ここでは盗まれた牛群—をためらいも混乱もなく取り戻し得ることを示している。

अर्जुनस्यof Arjuna
अर्जुनस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शङ्खनादेनby the conch-blast
शङ्खनादेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्खनाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रथस्यof the chariot
रथस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पहियानाम्of the wheels
पहियानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपहिया
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
घर्घराहटेनby the rumbling/grinding sound
घर्घराहटेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootघर्घराहट
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
गाण्डीवस्यof (the bow) Gāṇḍīva
गाण्डीवस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
धनुषःof the bow
धनुषः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
टङ्कारयाby the twang (of the bowstring)
टङ्कारया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootटङ्कार
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाand also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
ध्वजेin the banner/standard
ध्वजे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निवासिनाम्of those dwelling (resident)
निवासिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिवासिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मानवेतरnon-human
मानवेतर:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमानवेतर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भूतानाम्of beings/spirits
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
भयङ्करेणby the terrifying
भयङ्करेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभयङ्कर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कोलाहलेनby the uproar
कोलाहलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकोलाहल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पृथिवीthe earth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कम्पम्trembling
कम्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकम्प
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपागच्छत्came to / underwent
उपागच्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाand
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ऊर्ध्वम्upwards
ऊर्ध्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
पुच्छानिtails
पुच्छानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुच्छ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
उत्क्षिप्यhaving lifted
उत्क्षिप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-क्षिप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
चालयन्त्यःshaking/moving
चालयन्त्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootचल्
FormPresent active participle, Feminine, Nominative, Plural
रम्भमाणाःlowing
रम्भमाणाः:
TypeVerb
Rootरम्भ्
FormPresent middle participle, Feminine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वतःfrom all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
निववृतुःturned back/returned
निववृतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√वृत्
FormPerfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
दक्षिणाम्southern
दक्षिणाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दिशम्direction
दिशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रधाविताःran forth / fled
प्रधाविताः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-धाव्
FormPast passive participle, Feminine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रीमहाभारतेin the Śrī-Mahābhārata
श्रीमहाभारते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभारत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विराटपर्वणिin the Virāṭa-parvan
विराटपर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविराटपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
गोहरणपर्वणिin the Cow-stealing sub-parvan
गोहरणपर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगोहरणपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
उत्तरगोग्रहेin (the episode of) Uttara's cow-seizure
उत्तरगोग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरगोग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गोनिवर्तनेin the turning-back of the cows
गोनिवर्तने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगोनिवर्तन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
त्रिपञ्चाशत्तमःfifty-third
त्रिपञ्चाशत्तमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिपञ्चाशत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
Ś
Śaṅkha (conch)
R
Ratha (chariot)
R
Rathacakra (chariot wheels)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)
D
Dhvaja (banner/standard)
A
Amānuṣa-bhūta (non-human beings/spirits)
P
Pṛthivī (earth)
G
Gāvaḥ (cattle/cows)
D
Dakṣiṇā diś (southern direction)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma as protective strength: when rightful guardianship is asserted decisively against wrongdoing (the seizure of cattle), disorder and fear shift to the side of injustice, and what was taken is driven back toward restoration.

As Arjuna reveals his martial power, the combined sounds of his conch, chariot, bow, and the banner’s supernatural tumult shake the battlefield atmosphere; the frightened cattle turn back from all sides and run southward, signaling the reversal of the cattle-raid.