Shloka 24
Dhaumya’s Counsel on Incognito Conduct in a Royal Household (राजवसतौ आचरण-निति)
Devanagari script
समर्थनासु सर्वासु हितं च प्रियमेव च । संवर्णयेत् तदेवास्य प्रियादपि हितं॑ भवेत्,कर्तव्य और अकर्तव्यके निर्णयके सभी अवसरोंपर हितकारक और प्रिय वचन कहे। यदि दोनों सम्भव न हों, तो प्रिय वचनका त्याग करके भी जो हितकारक हो, वही बात कहे (हितविरोधी प्रिय वचन कदापि न कहे)
Translation
なすべきこととなすべからざることを定めるあらゆる場において、益があり、しかも耳に快い言葉を述べよ。もし両方がかなわぬなら、快い言葉を捨ててでも益あることを語れ—益に背く甘言を決して口にしてはならぬ。
Word by Word
समर्थनासुin (all) occasions/circumstances
समर्थनासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर्थना
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
सर्वासुin all
सर्वासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
हितम्beneficial (word/thing)
हितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
प्रियम्pleasant/dear (word/thing)
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
संवर्णयेत्should describe/speak (say)
संवर्णयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसंवर्णय् (सं + वर्णय्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अस्यof him/of this person
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (एतद्-प्रत्ययः; अस्य = तस्य/अस्य)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रियात्than the pleasant (thing/word)
प्रियात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हितम्the beneficial (thing) (is/should be)
हितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
धौग्य उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes