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Shloka 13

Virāṭanagara-nivāsa-nirṇaya

Decision to Reside in Virāṭa’s City

कुरुदेशके चारों ओर बहुत-से सुरम्य जनपद हैं

kurudeśake cāroṃ ora bahu-se suramya janapadāḥ santi, yatra bahu annaṃ bhavati. teṣāṃ nāmāni imāni—pāñcālaḥ, cediḥ, matsyaḥ, śūrasenaḥ, paṭaccaraḥ, daśārṇaḥ, navarāṣṭram, mallaḥ, śālvaḥ, yugandharaḥ, viśālaḥ, duntirāṣṭram, saurāṣṭram tathā avantī.

アルジュナは、クルの国の周囲には穀物に富み、豊かで心地よい地方が数多くあると言い、続けてその名を挙げた――パンチャーラ、チェーディ、マツヤ、シューラセーナ、パタッチャラ、ダシャールナ、ナヴァラーシュトラ、マッラ、シャールヴァ、ユガンダラ、ヴィシャーラ、ドゥンティラーシュトラ、サウラーシュトラ、そしてアヴァンティ。これは、流浪の歳月において同盟や避難の地、そして生き延びるために背負う法(ダルマ)の重圧を左右する政治地理の枠組みであった。

कुरुदेशकेin the Kuru country
कुरुदेशके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुदेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चारःfour
चारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ओरaround / on the sides
ओर:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootओर
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुरम्याःbeautiful, delightful
सुरम्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुरम्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जनपदाःcountries, provinces
जनपदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सन्तिare / exist
सन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
बहुmuch, abundant
बहु:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्नम्food, grain
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिis / occurs / is found
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
नामानिnames
नामानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पाञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पाञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चेदयःthe Cedis
चेदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मत्स्याःthe Matsyas
मत्स्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूरसेनाःthe Shurasenas
शूरसेनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूरसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पटच्चराःthe Pataccaras (people/region name)
पटच्चराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपटच्चर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दशार्णाःthe Dasharnas
दशार्णाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदशार्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नवराष्ट्राःthe Navarashtras
नवराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनवराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मल्लाःthe Mallas
मल्लाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल्ल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शाल्वाःthe Shalvas
शाल्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युगन्धराःthe Yugandharas
युगन्धराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुगन्धर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विशालाःthe Vishalas
विशालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविशाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दुन्तिराष्ट्राःthe Duntirashtras
दुन्तिराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुन्तिराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सौराष्ट्राःthe Saurashtras
सौराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अवन्तीAvanti
अवन्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Kurudeśa
P
Pāñcāla
C
Cedi
M
Matsya
Ś
Śūrasena
P
Paṭaccara
D
Daśārṇa
N
Navarāṣṭra
M
Malla
Ś
Śālva
Y
Yugandhara
V
Viśāla
D
Duntirāṣṭra
S
Saurāṣṭra
A
Avantī

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how prosperity (abundant grain) and political geography shape dharmic choices in times of crisis: knowing neighboring realms matters for lawful refuge, alliance-building, and minimizing harm while pursuing rightful aims.

Arjuna describes the regions surrounding the Kuru country and lists prominent janapadas. This situates the story’s setting and signals the wider political landscape relevant to the Pāṇḍavas’ movements and potential support during the Virāṭa episode.