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Shloka 18

दमयन्ती–बाहुकसंवादः

Damayantī’s Dialogue with Bāhuka; Recognition and Disclosure

क्व नु त्वं कितवच्छित्त्वा बस्त्रार्थ प्रस्थितो मम । उत्सृज्य विपिने सुप्तामनुरक्तां प्रियां प्रिय,'“ओ जुआरी प्रियतम! तुम अपने प्रति अनुराग रखनेवाली वनमें सोयी हुई मुझ प्यारी पत्नीको छोड़कर तथा मेरे आधे वस्त्रको फाड़कर कहाँ चल दिये?

kva nu tvaṃ kitavac chittvā vastrārthaṃ prasthito mama | utsṛjya vipine suptām anuraktāṃ priyāṃ priya ||

バーフカは言った。「どこへ行ったのだ、賭博に溺れる愛しき人よ。わが衣を裂いて己の身を覆ったのち、いずこへ向かったのか。森に眠る、あなたに一途に寄り添う愛妻を捨てて、どうして旅立てたのだ?」

क्वwhere
क्व:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
नुindeed/now (emphatic particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
कितवत्O gambler
कितवत्:
TypeNoun
Rootकितवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
छित्त्वाhaving torn/cut
छित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
वस्त्रार्थम्for the sake of clothing/garment (as purpose)
वस्त्रार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवस्त्रार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रस्थितःgone forth/departed
प्रस्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रस्थित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ममof me/my
मम:
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/left behind
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्+सृज्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
विपिनेin the forest
विपिने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविपिन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सुप्ताम्sleeping
सुप्ताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्त
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
अनुरक्ताम्attached/devoted
अनुरक्ताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुरक्त
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रियाम्beloved (wife)
प्रियाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिया
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रियO dear one
प्रिय:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

बाहक उवाच

B
Bāhaka (speaker)
K
kitava (the gambler, addressed person)
P
priyā (beloved wife)
V
vastra (garment/cloth)
V
vipina (forest)

Educational Q&A

The verse censures irresponsible conduct driven by vice (gambling): taking what is not rightly one’s own (tearing another’s cloth) and neglecting one’s primary duty of care toward a devoted spouse. It frames ethical failure as both harm to others and betrayal of relational obligations.

Bāhaka confronts a man addressed as a ‘gambler,’ accusing him of tearing off part of Bāhaka’s garment and departing, while leaving behind his affectionate wife asleep in the forest—highlighting both theft-like behavior and abandonment.