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Shloka 5

Duryodhana’s Account of Gandharva Defeat and the Pandavas’ Intervention (दुर्योधनवर्णितो गन्धर्वसंग्रामः)

अथोपटदिष्ट: प्रतिसत्कृतश्न वृद्धेन राज्ञा कुरुसत्तमेन । प्रचोदित: संकथयाम्बभूव धर्मानिलेन्द्रप्रभवान्‌ यमौ च,कुरुकुलमें श्रेष्ठ एवं वयोवृद्ध राजा धृतराष्ट्रने उसका बहुत आदर-सत्कार किया। जब वह आसनपर बैठ गया, तब महाराजके पूछनेपर युधिष्ठिर, भीमसेन, अर्जुन तथा नकुल- सहदेवके समाचार सुनाने लगा

atha upaṭadiṣṭaḥ pratisaṃskṛtaś ca vṛddhena rājñā kurusattamena | pracoditaḥ saṃkathayām babhūva dharmān anilendraprabhavān yamau ca ||

そののち彼は、クル族随一の老王よりしかるべく教えを受け、また手厚く礼遇された。王に促されると、彼は語り始めた――パーンダヴァたちのダルマにかなう行いと近況、すなわち風神の子ビーーマ、インドラの子アルジュナ、そして双子のナクラとサハデーヴァをはじめ、他の兄弟たちのことを。

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उपदिष्टःinstructed / directed
उपदिष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउपदिश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
प्रतिसत्कृतःhonoured / respectfully received
प्रतिसत्कृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिसत्कृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृद्धेनby the aged (one)
वृद्धेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कुरुसत्तमेनby the best of the Kurus
कुरुसत्तमेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुसत्तम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रचोदितःprompted / urged
प्रचोदितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रचुद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथयाम्told / narrated
कथयाम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (कथ् + णिच्)
Formलिट् (perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
बभूवbecame / came to be
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलिट् (perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मान्duties / righteous matters
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इलेन्द्रप्रभवान्arising from Indra (i.e., Indra-born)
इलेन्द्रप्रभवान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइलेन्द्रप्रभव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यमौthe two (sons) of Yama (Nakula and Sahadeva)
यमौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kuru dynasty
B
Bhīma (Vāyu-putra)
A
Arjuna (Indra-putra)
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds dharma in social conduct: a ruler should honor and properly receive a visitor or messenger, and the ensuing narration should be truthful and duty-oriented—centered on the welfare and righteous conduct of those being reported upon.

Vaiśampāyana describes how the aged Kuru king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) respectfully receives the person who has arrived and, when he asks, the visitor begins to recount news concerning the Pāṇḍavas—especially Bhīma and Arjuna (sons of Vāyu and Indra) and the twins Nakula and Sahadeva.