Shloka 3
Adhyāya 188: Mārkaṇḍeya’s Account of Yuga-Decline and the Restoration Motif
Kali-yuga to Kalki
ओजसा तेजसा लक्ष्म्या तपसा च विशेषत:ः । अतिचक्राम पितरं मनु: स्वं च पितामहम्,वह बालक मनु ओज, तेज, कान्ति और विशेषतः तपस्याद्वारा अपने पिता भगवान् सूर्य तथा पितामह महर्षि कश्यपसे भी आगे बढ़ गया
ojasā tejasā lakṣmyā tapasā ca viśeṣataḥ | aticakrāma pitaraṃ manuḥ svaṃ ca pitāmaham ||
マールカンデーヤは言った。「生来の剛力、霊的な光輝、吉祥の栄え、そして何よりもタパス（苦行）の力によって、マヌは自らの父と祖父さえ凌駕した。」
मार्कण्डेय उवाच
Educational Q&A
True excellence is measured by cultivated inner qualities—ojas (strength), tejas (spiritual brilliance), and especially tapas (disciplined austerity)—rather than merely by birth or ancestry; sustained self-discipline can elevate a person beyond inherited rank.
Mārkaṇḍeya praises Manu, stating that through vigor, radiance, splendor, and particularly austerity, Manu became so eminent that he surpassed even his own father and grandfather, highlighting Manu’s extraordinary spiritual attainment.