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Shloka 20

Nahūṣa as Ajagara: Virtue Hierarchy, Karmic Gati, and the Psychology of Mind–Intellect

ते द्वादशं वर्षमुपोपयातं वने विहर्तु कुरव: प्रतीता: तस्माद्‌ वनाच्चैत्ररथप्रकाशात्‌ श्रिया ज्वलन्तस्तपसा च युक्ता:

te dvādaśaṁ varṣam upopayātaṁ vane vihartu kuravaḥ pratītāḥ | tasmād vanāc caitraratha-prakāśāt śriyā jvalantas tapasā ca yuktāḥ ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。第十二年が到来すると、森にて時を過ごすと定めたクル族は、チャイトララタのごとく明るいその森を発っていった。彼らは繁栄の光を帯び、またタパス(苦行・克己)によって力を得ていた。

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्वादशम्twelfth
द्वादशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादशन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षम्year
वर्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपोपयातम्having come/arrived (upon)
उपोपयातम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-उप-या
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विहर्तुम्to sport/roam
विहर्तुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हृ
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
कुरवःthe Kurus
कुरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतीताःwere resolved/intent
प्रतीताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-इ (प्रती)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
तस्मात्from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
वनात्from the forest
वनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
चैत्ररथप्रकाशात्from the (place) bright/renowned as Chaitraratha
चैत्ररथप्रकाशात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्ररथ-प्रकाश
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
श्रियाwith splendor/fortune
श्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
ज्वलन्तःshining/blazing
ज्वलन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्वल्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
तपसाwith austerity/penance
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
युक्ताःendowed/possessed
युक्ताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kuravaḥ (Kurus)
V
Vana (forest)
C
Caitraratha

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that genuine excellence combines outer fortune (śrī) with inner discipline (tapas). Even in exile, ethical strength is shown through resolve, restraint, and steadfastness rather than comfort alone.

As the twelfth year arrives, the Kurus (contextually the exiled party) are determined to spend their time in the forest. They depart from a forest described as radiant like Citraratha, portrayed as both splendid and marked by ascetic discipline.