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Shloka 19

अर्जुन-माहात्म्य-चिन्ता

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Appraisal of Arjuna’s Strategic Supremacy

यदोद्वमन्‌ निशितान्‌ बाणसंघां- स्तानाततायी समरे किरीटी । सृष्टोडन्तकः सर्वहरो विधात्रा यथा भवेत्‌ तद्भधदपारणीय:,जिस समय शस्त्रपाणि किरीटधारी अर्जुन समर-भूमिमें रोषपूर्वक पैने बाणसमूहोंकी वर्षा करेंगे, उस समय विधाताके रचे हुए सर्वसंहारक कालके समान उनसे पार पाना असम्भव हो जायगा

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | yadodvaman niśitān bāṇasaṅghāṁs tān ātatāyī samare kirīṭī | sṛṣṭo ’ntakaḥ sarvaharo vidhātrā yathā bhavet tad-badhaḥ apāraṇīyaḥ ||

ドリタラーシュトラは言った。「冠を戴き、武器を手にしたアルジュナが、戦場の憤怒のうちに、剃刀のごとく鋭い矢の群れを雨のように放つとき、彼に抗することは不可能となろう――創造主が造りし、万物を滅ぼす『時』(死)から逃れ得ぬのと同じく、すべてを奪い去る者のように。」

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
Formtemporal adverb
उद्वमन्spewing forth, pouring out
उद्वमन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्+वम् (वमन)
Formpresent active participle, nominative singular masculine
निशितान्sharp, whetted
निशितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
Formmasculine accusative plural
बाण-सङ्घान्masses/volleys of arrows
बाण-सङ्घान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाण + सङ्घ
Formmasculine accusative plural
तान्those (arrows/volleys)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine accusative plural
आततायीassailant, aggressor
आततायी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआततायिन्
Formmasculine nominative singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
Formmasculine locative singular
किरीटीthe diadem-wearer (Arjuna)
किरीटी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटिन्
Formmasculine nominative singular
सृष्टःcreated, sent forth
सृष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसृज् (सृष्ट)
Formpast passive participle, nominative singular masculine
अन्तकःDeath, the ender
अन्तकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तक
Formmasculine nominative singular
सर्व-हरःall-destroying, taking away everything
सर्व-हरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व + हर
Formmasculine nominative singular
विधात्राby the Creator/Ordainer
विधात्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधातृ
Formmasculine instrumental singular
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formcomparative particle
भवेत्would be, might become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formoptative, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, present system
तत्that (situation/thing)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter nominative/accusative singular
भेद-अपारणीयःimpossible to pass through/break through
भेद-अपारणीयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootभेद + अपारणीय
Formmasculine nominative singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna (Kirīṭī)
V
Vidhātṛ (the Creator/Ordainer)
A
Antaka/Kāla (Death/Time)
A
arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inevitability and overwhelming force of divinely-ordained outcomes: when a warrior like Arjuna is fully unleashed in righteous battle, resisting him is likened to resisting Time/Death itself—highlighting human limitation before fate and the destructive certainty of war.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, anxious about the coming conflict, imagines Arjuna in battle releasing dense volleys of sharp arrows. He concludes that opposing Arjuna at that moment would be insurmountable, comparing Arjuna’s onslaught to the Creator’s all-destroying Death.