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Shloka 24

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

उपासंगानाचरेद्‌ दक्षिणेन वराज़ानां नकुलक्रित्रयोधी । यदा रथाग्रयो रथिन: प्रणेता तदा युद्ध धार्तराष्ट्रोडन्वतप्स्यत्‌

sañjaya uvāca |

upāsaṅgān ācaret dakṣiṇena varājānāṃ nakulaś citrayodhī |

yadā rathāgryo rathinaḥ praṇetā tadā yuddhe dhārtarāṣṭro dūna-vat tapsyate ||

サञ्जयは言った。「ナクラは車戦の第一人者、しかも異様なほど冴えた型破りの技をもつ戦士として、汝らの王たちの右翼へ密着して進み出る。車戦の勇士たちの導き手たる彼が戦端を開くとき、ドリタラーシュトラの子ドゥルヨーダナは悲嘆に焼かれよう――配下が斬り伏せられ、ヤマの国へ送られてゆくのを見て、戦の報いを思い知らされるのだ。」

उपासङ्गान्sword-scabbards / sword-belts
उपासङ्गान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपासङ्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आचरेत्should move/act; should proceed
आचरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दक्षिणेनby/with the right (side/hand)
दक्षिणेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वराजानाम्of the excellent kings
वराजानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवराज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नकुलःNakula
नकुलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चित्रयोधीfighting in a wondrous/varied manner
चित्रयोधी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्रयोधिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
रथाग्र्यःforemost among chariot-warriors
रथाग्र्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरथाग्र्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथिनःof the chariot-warrior
रथिनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रणेताleader/driver/guide
प्रणेता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-नी (प्रणेता as agent-noun)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रःthe son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्वतप्स्यत्will grieve / will be tormented
अन्वतप्स्यत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-तप्
FormFuture (Lṛṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nakula
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
R
right flank (dakṣiṇa-pakṣa)
C
chariot-warriors (rathin)
B
battle/war (yuddha)
Y
Yama-loka (implied by the Hindi gloss: sending warriors to Yama’s realm)
S
sword (khaḍga; from the Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral weight and inevitable sorrow that follow from choosing war: martial skill may win moments on the field, but the instigator must face the grief born of violence and its consequences.

Sañjaya foretells Nakula’s tactical advance on the right flank and his effective chariot-combat; as the fighting begins and losses mount, Duryodhana is depicted as inwardly tormented, anticipating the bitter outcome of the conflict he has driven toward.