अध्याय ३९: विदुरेण धृतराष्ट्राय नीत्युपदेशः
Timely Counsel, Association, and Kin-Duty
महाबलान् पश्य महानुभावान् प्रशास्य भूमिं धनधान्यपूर्णाम् । राज्यानि हित्वा विपुलांश्व भोगान् गतान् नरेन्द्रान् वशमन्तकस्य,धन-धान्यादिसे परिपूर्ण पृथ्वीका शासन करके अन्तमें समस्त राज्य और विपुल भोगोंको यहीं छोड़कर यमराजके वशमें गये हुए बड़े-बड़े बलवान् एवं महानुभाव राजाओंकी ओर दृष्टि डालिये
mahābalān paśya mahānubhāvān praśāsya bhūmiṁ dhanadhānyapūrṇām | rājyāni hitvā vipulāṁś ca bhogān gatān narendrān vaśam antakasya ||
大いなる力と名声を備えた王たちを見よ。財宝と穀物に満ちた大地を治めながら、ついには王国も豊かな享楽もこの世に置き去りにし、アンタカ(死) の支配のもとへと赴いたのだ。
विदुर उवाच
Even the most powerful rulers, after enjoying wealth, grain, sovereignty, and pleasures, must finally submit to Death; therefore one should curb pride, reduce attachment to power and luxury, and act with dharma-aware humility.
Vidura urges his listener to reflect on the example of past great kings: despite ruling prosperous realms, they left everything behind and went under Death’s control—an admonition meant to sober the mind during the tense political crisis of the Udyoga Parva.